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<p>A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing fishmeal with <i>Periplaneta americana</i> meal (PAM) on the growth performance, liver health, and intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass, <i>Micropterus salmoides</i>. A total of 450 fish (initial body weight 14.55 ± 0.09 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 3 replicates in each group and 30 fish per replicate. Five diets were formulated to replace fishmeal with PAM at the rate of 0% (control group, P0), 15% (P15), 30% (P30), 45% (P45), and 60% (P60). The results showed that PAM substitution in the diets did not significantly affect the specific growth rate (SGR) and weight gain rate (WGR) in P30 and P45 (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05). The L* and water holding capacity (WHC) of muscle in all PAM groups were higher than those in P0 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In P15 and P30, the activities of SOD, GPX, T-AOC, and CAT in largemouth bass liver were significantly increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). 16S rRNA analysis indicated that replacing fishmeal with PAM caused changes in intestinal microbiota. Compared with P0, there were no significant differences in the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in P15 and P30 (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05), while the relative abundances of Fusobacteriota and Actinobacteriota were significantly reduced (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). However, the abundances of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Verrucomicrobiota were significantly decreased in P45 and P60, while the relative abundance of Fusobacteriota was significantly increased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In P0, P15, and P30, the abundance of <i>Mycoplasma</i>, <i>Pseudomonas</i>, <i>Bradyrhizobium</i>, and <i>Citrobacter</i> significantly increased, while in P60, the abundance of <i>Plesiomonas</i>, <i>Cetobacterium</i>, and <i>Aeromonas</i> significantly increased, and the abundance of <i>Mycoplasma</i>, <i>Pseudomonas</i>, and <i>Akkermansia</i> significantly decreased (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, up to 30% fishmeal can be replaced by PAM in the diet without adversely affecting the growth performance and improving the muscle quality and liver antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass. However, replacing more than 30% of fishmeal with PAM may cause liver tissue damage and affect the composition of intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass. This study will provide practical strategies for the substitution and application of PAM in aquafeeds and for improving the muscle quality of largemouth bass.</p>

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Effects of replacing fishmeal with Periplaneta americana meal on growth performance, liver health, and intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月22日

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  • Yuanyi Liu,
  • Xihong Sun,
  • Changchang Pu,
  • Hongyu Chen,
  • Weichuan Zhang,
  • Zihui Wei,
  • Yong Huang

摘要

A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing fishmeal with Periplaneta americana meal (PAM) on the growth performance, liver health, and intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides. A total of 450 fish (initial body weight 14.55 ± 0.09 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 3 replicates in each group and 30 fish per replicate. Five diets were formulated to replace fishmeal with PAM at the rate of 0% (control group, P0), 15% (P15), 30% (P30), 45% (P45), and 60% (P60). The results showed that PAM substitution in the diets did not significantly affect the specific growth rate (SGR) and weight gain rate (WGR) in P30 and P45 (P > 0.05). The L* and water holding capacity (WHC) of muscle in all PAM groups were higher than those in P0 (P < 0.05). In P15 and P30, the activities of SOD, GPX, T-AOC, and CAT in largemouth bass liver were significantly increased (P < 0.05). 16S rRNA analysis indicated that replacing fishmeal with PAM caused changes in intestinal microbiota. Compared with P0, there were no significant differences in the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria in P15 and P30 (P > 0.05), while the relative abundances of Fusobacteriota and Actinobacteriota were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). However, the abundances of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Verrucomicrobiota were significantly decreased in P45 and P60, while the relative abundance of Fusobacteriota was significantly increased (P < 0.05). In P0, P15, and P30, the abundance of Mycoplasma, Pseudomonas, Bradyrhizobium, and Citrobacter significantly increased, while in P60, the abundance of Plesiomonas, Cetobacterium, and Aeromonas significantly increased, and the abundance of Mycoplasma, Pseudomonas, and Akkermansia significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, up to 30% fishmeal can be replaced by PAM in the diet without adversely affecting the growth performance and improving the muscle quality and liver antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass. However, replacing more than 30% of fishmeal with PAM may cause liver tissue damage and affect the composition of intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass. This study will provide practical strategies for the substitution and application of PAM in aquafeeds and for improving the muscle quality of largemouth bass.