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<p>The present research examined the use of a commercial acidifier blend (CAB) as a feed supplement on growth, digestive enzymes, antioxidant, immunological biomarkers, and defense of Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) against <i>Aeromonas sobria</i> disease. Fish (22.7 ± 0.76&#xa0;g) were fed on 0.0 (the control), 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0&#xa0;g CAB/kg feed for 60&#xa0;days. After that, fish were intraperitoneally injected with <i>A. sobria</i>, and their survival was monitored for a further 10&#xa0;days. The fish group that received 4.0&#xa0;g CAB/kg feed showed the highest growth rate. The improved growth in this group is correlated with the upregulation of mRNA expressions of growth-related genes (<i>IGF-1</i> and <i>GH</i>). In addition, the highest activities of intestinal proteases, lipase, and α-amylase were observed in fish fed with 4.0&#xa0;g CAB/kg feed. Compared to the control group, fish fed on CAB-containing diets showed significantly higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In a parallel way, the mRNA expression of <i>SOD</i>, <i>CAT</i>, and<i> GPx</i> genes were upregulated in CAB-fed groups, particularly at levels of 4.0–8.0&#xa0;g CAB/kg feed. Conversely, malondialdehyde levels were maximized in the control group but were reduced in CAB-fed fish. Additionally, dietary CAB, especially at levels of 4–8&#xa0;g/kg diet progressively enhanced&#xa0;the immune function and upregulated the expression of <i>IL-1ß</i>, <i>IL-8</i>, and<i> IL-10</i> genes. The bactericidal and challenge tests against <i>A. sobria</i> evoked that CAB exhibited antibacterial properties; the maximum mortality rate following the bacterial infection was noted in the control group (90%); meanwhile, CAB-fed fish, especially at a rate of 4.0–8.0&#xa0;g/kg feed exhibited lower mortality rates (40% and 45%, respectively). Overall, this study recommends incorporating 4.0&#xa0;g CAB/kg feed to mitigate the negative impacts of dietary soybean and improve the growth, antioxidant, and immunological indices in Nile tilapia fingerlings.</p>

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Dietary acidifiers blend modulates growth, antioxidant, immunity, cytokine performances, and the disease control in Nile tilapia fingerlings fed on high-soybean feeds

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab,
  • Riad H. Khalil,
  • Rania Nasr,
  • Adel H. Saad,
  • Nehad M. S. Mahmoud,
  • Nashwa Abdel-Razek

摘要

The present research examined the use of a commercial acidifier blend (CAB) as a feed supplement on growth, digestive enzymes, antioxidant, immunological biomarkers, and defense of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) against Aeromonas sobria disease. Fish (22.7 ± 0.76 g) were fed on 0.0 (the control), 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 g CAB/kg feed for 60 days. After that, fish were intraperitoneally injected with A. sobria, and their survival was monitored for a further 10 days. The fish group that received 4.0 g CAB/kg feed showed the highest growth rate. The improved growth in this group is correlated with the upregulation of mRNA expressions of growth-related genes (IGF-1 and GH). In addition, the highest activities of intestinal proteases, lipase, and α-amylase were observed in fish fed with 4.0 g CAB/kg feed. Compared to the control group, fish fed on CAB-containing diets showed significantly higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In a parallel way, the mRNA expression of SOD, CAT, and GPx genes were upregulated in CAB-fed groups, particularly at levels of 4.0–8.0 g CAB/kg feed. Conversely, malondialdehyde levels were maximized in the control group but were reduced in CAB-fed fish. Additionally, dietary CAB, especially at levels of 4–8 g/kg diet progressively enhanced the immune function and upregulated the expression of IL-1ß, IL-8, and IL-10 genes. The bactericidal and challenge tests against A. sobria evoked that CAB exhibited antibacterial properties; the maximum mortality rate following the bacterial infection was noted in the control group (90%); meanwhile, CAB-fed fish, especially at a rate of 4.0–8.0 g/kg feed exhibited lower mortality rates (40% and 45%, respectively). Overall, this study recommends incorporating 4.0 g CAB/kg feed to mitigate the negative impacts of dietary soybean and improve the growth, antioxidant, and immunological indices in Nile tilapia fingerlings.