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<p>This paper experimentally examines the mechanical properties and microstructural phase transformations of steel specimens with yield strengths of 250 and 350&#xa0;MPa, subjected to elevated temperatures ranging from 300 to 1000&#xa0;°C and subsequently cooled in either air or water. The air- and water-cooling methods represent extreme differences in cooling rates in vastly different media. The findings reveal that the mechanical properties of air-cooled specimens remain essentially unchanged, whereas water-cooled specimens experience strength enhancement when exposed to temperatures exceeding 700&#xa0;℃, albeit with a significant reduction in ductility. This paper also investigates the associated microstructural phase changes and fracture morphologies to rationalize the differences observed between the two cooling conditions. Understanding the residual mechanical properties of steel following exposure to elevated temperatures is crucial for assessing the structural integrity of steel members. Additionally, visual indications and analysis of microstructural phase changes in fire-affected steel components of a structure can be used for inferring residual mechanical properties without the need for direct mechanical testing, offering valuable utility in forensic investigations of fire-damaged structures.</p>

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Steel Properties After High Temperature Exposure: Cooling Rate Influence and Microstructural Insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Mahalingam Chellamuthu,
  • Lakshmi Priya Subramanian

摘要

This paper experimentally examines the mechanical properties and microstructural phase transformations of steel specimens with yield strengths of 250 and 350 MPa, subjected to elevated temperatures ranging from 300 to 1000 °C and subsequently cooled in either air or water. The air- and water-cooling methods represent extreme differences in cooling rates in vastly different media. The findings reveal that the mechanical properties of air-cooled specimens remain essentially unchanged, whereas water-cooled specimens experience strength enhancement when exposed to temperatures exceeding 700 ℃, albeit with a significant reduction in ductility. This paper also investigates the associated microstructural phase changes and fracture morphologies to rationalize the differences observed between the two cooling conditions. Understanding the residual mechanical properties of steel following exposure to elevated temperatures is crucial for assessing the structural integrity of steel members. Additionally, visual indications and analysis of microstructural phase changes in fire-affected steel components of a structure can be used for inferring residual mechanical properties without the need for direct mechanical testing, offering valuable utility in forensic investigations of fire-damaged structures.