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<p>Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is becoming increasingly attractive as an alternative to traditional currencies, boosting the speed and effectiveness of online transactions. Therefore, the authors conducted a systematic literature review to build a conceptual framework on CBDC adoption and used “partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM)” for empirical validation. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data from 615 respondents. The outcome demonstrates that performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, personal innovativeness and digital awareness significantly affect individuals’ attitudes and behavioral intentions toward CBDC adoption. Nevertheless, effort expectancy and perceived security are not significantly associated with individuals’ attitude and behavioral intention towards CBDC adoption. In addition, attitude significantly influences behavioral intention to adopt CBDC. The findings will offer a valuable reference for digital currency developers, researchers, financial institutions and policymakers in developing CBDC regulatory frameworks and conducting broad explorations of adoption dynamics. This study used a hybrid analysis technique (SLR and PLS-SEM) to deliver a more inclusive understanding of CBDC adoption. From the perspective of emerging nations, substantial evidence remains lacking for the use of CBDC in financial transactions. By doing so, this article bridges the earlier knowledge gap by offering unique insights into promoting digitalization from developing nations’ perspectives.</p>

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Are Individuals Ready for CBDC Adoption? Insights from SLR and PLS-SEM using the UTAUT Model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Manju Rani,
  • Jitender Kumar

摘要

Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is becoming increasingly attractive as an alternative to traditional currencies, boosting the speed and effectiveness of online transactions. Therefore, the authors conducted a systematic literature review to build a conceptual framework on CBDC adoption and used “partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM)” for empirical validation. A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather data from 615 respondents. The outcome demonstrates that performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, personal innovativeness and digital awareness significantly affect individuals’ attitudes and behavioral intentions toward CBDC adoption. Nevertheless, effort expectancy and perceived security are not significantly associated with individuals’ attitude and behavioral intention towards CBDC adoption. In addition, attitude significantly influences behavioral intention to adopt CBDC. The findings will offer a valuable reference for digital currency developers, researchers, financial institutions and policymakers in developing CBDC regulatory frameworks and conducting broad explorations of adoption dynamics. This study used a hybrid analysis technique (SLR and PLS-SEM) to deliver a more inclusive understanding of CBDC adoption. From the perspective of emerging nations, substantial evidence remains lacking for the use of CBDC in financial transactions. By doing so, this article bridges the earlier knowledge gap by offering unique insights into promoting digitalization from developing nations’ perspectives.