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<p>Development of prolific male sterile baby corn hybrids through conventional breeding is a time-consuming and resource-intensive process, and is made further cumbersome by the need to identify or introduce the appropriate cytoplasmic-nuclear gene combinations. The application of doubled haploidy (DH) in baby corn breeding programmes can facilitate generation of completely homozygous lines carrying the desired trait combinations in a relatively short time. The objective of this study was to develop prolific sterility maintainer lines from heterozygous (<i>Rf</i>/<i>rf</i>) maize hybrids using doubled haploidy and to evaluate their stability and breeding utility across environments. In this study, a total of 217 DH lines were generated from four maize hybrids heterozygous for fertility restoration genes (<i>Rf</i>/<i>rf</i>) and screened for prolificacy. The DH lines showed substantial genetic variability for prolificacy along with expression of transgressive segregation, leading to the selection of 30 superior DH lines for fertility evaluation. Fertility behaviour was assessed using anther exsertion and pollen fertility assays with a C-cytoplasmic male sterile tester across multiple environments (Hyderabad and Almora). The DH lines grouped into 11 sterility maintainers (36.7%), 16 fertility restorers (53.3%), and 3 partial maintainer/restorer lines (10.0%), with sterility maintainers consistently expressing complete male sterility across environments. Multi-environment analysis revealed significant genotype and environment effects for prolificacy, with high broad-sense heritability (0.90). Best Linear Unbiased Estimates (BLUPs/BLUEs) identified DH lines with stable and high prolificacy, reaching ~ 2.7 ears per plant across environments. The DH approach allowed development and identification of promising prolific maintainer lines in a shorter time compared to conventional breeding, suggesting that application of doubled haploidy and use of appropriate source populations can help in swifter generation of superior and diverse inbreds for accelerating baby corn breeding programmes.</p>

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Accelerated development of prolific sterility maintainer lines in maize (Zea mays L.) using doubled haploidy for baby corn hybrid breeding

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • R. K. Khulbe,
  • Devender Sharma,
  • Arunava Pattanayak,
  • G. S. Bisht,
  • M. C. Pant,
  • V. K. Pandey,
  • Bhawana Bisht,
  • Senthil Kumar,
  • Priya Garkoti

摘要

Development of prolific male sterile baby corn hybrids through conventional breeding is a time-consuming and resource-intensive process, and is made further cumbersome by the need to identify or introduce the appropriate cytoplasmic-nuclear gene combinations. The application of doubled haploidy (DH) in baby corn breeding programmes can facilitate generation of completely homozygous lines carrying the desired trait combinations in a relatively short time. The objective of this study was to develop prolific sterility maintainer lines from heterozygous (Rf/rf) maize hybrids using doubled haploidy and to evaluate their stability and breeding utility across environments. In this study, a total of 217 DH lines were generated from four maize hybrids heterozygous for fertility restoration genes (Rf/rf) and screened for prolificacy. The DH lines showed substantial genetic variability for prolificacy along with expression of transgressive segregation, leading to the selection of 30 superior DH lines for fertility evaluation. Fertility behaviour was assessed using anther exsertion and pollen fertility assays with a C-cytoplasmic male sterile tester across multiple environments (Hyderabad and Almora). The DH lines grouped into 11 sterility maintainers (36.7%), 16 fertility restorers (53.3%), and 3 partial maintainer/restorer lines (10.0%), with sterility maintainers consistently expressing complete male sterility across environments. Multi-environment analysis revealed significant genotype and environment effects for prolificacy, with high broad-sense heritability (0.90). Best Linear Unbiased Estimates (BLUPs/BLUEs) identified DH lines with stable and high prolificacy, reaching ~ 2.7 ears per plant across environments. The DH approach allowed development and identification of promising prolific maintainer lines in a shorter time compared to conventional breeding, suggesting that application of doubled haploidy and use of appropriate source populations can help in swifter generation of superior and diverse inbreds for accelerating baby corn breeding programmes.