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<p>Knowledge of genetic parameters and their application is a key breeding strategy to increase yield in most crop species including kola. The present study was set up with the following objectives: estimate general (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA); determine heritability and correlations and; assess the inheritance patterns for growth and yield traits in kola. Fifteen F<sub>1</sub> kola families derived through a 5 × 3 North Carolina II mating design, plus one standard variety were established following a randomized complete block design with three replications and assessed for agronomic traits over 8&#xa0;years. There was significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) effect of family for juvenile and reproductive trunk cross-sectional area increment, height increment, canopy spread increment, yield and yield efficiency. Association analysis between yield and all other traits revealed significant genetic correlation between yield and yield efficiency (YE) (<i>r</i><sub><i>g</i></sub> = 0.90, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Among the female and male parents, GCA for yield was positive and highest in CRK002 and CRK008, respectively. SCA for yield was highest in CRK002 × AMSA1 and least in CRK003 × AMSA1. For four traits: reproductive trunk cross-sectional area increment, height increment, yield and YE, the additive to dominance variance ratio was more than 1, implicating additive gene action in their expression while the reverse was the case for juvenile trunk cross-sectional area increment (TCSAj), canopy spread increment, chlorophyll content (ChlC) and chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF), suggesting in their expression the preponderance of non-additive gene action. Except for TCSAj, moderate-to-high heritabilities, in the narrow-sense, were observed for the assessed traits, suggesting that substantial genetic variation exist for these traits for breeding.</p>

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Combining ability and gene action analysis for growth and precocity in kola (Cola nitida (Vent) Schott. & Endl.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月27日

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  • Abraham Akpertey,
  • Paul Kwasi Krah Adu-Gyamfi,
  • Esther Anokye,
  • Alfred Arthur,
  • Daniel Nyadanu

摘要

Knowledge of genetic parameters and their application is a key breeding strategy to increase yield in most crop species including kola. The present study was set up with the following objectives: estimate general (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA); determine heritability and correlations and; assess the inheritance patterns for growth and yield traits in kola. Fifteen F1 kola families derived through a 5 × 3 North Carolina II mating design, plus one standard variety were established following a randomized complete block design with three replications and assessed for agronomic traits over 8 years. There was significant (p < 0.05) effect of family for juvenile and reproductive trunk cross-sectional area increment, height increment, canopy spread increment, yield and yield efficiency. Association analysis between yield and all other traits revealed significant genetic correlation between yield and yield efficiency (YE) (rg = 0.90, p < 0.001). Among the female and male parents, GCA for yield was positive and highest in CRK002 and CRK008, respectively. SCA for yield was highest in CRK002 × AMSA1 and least in CRK003 × AMSA1. For four traits: reproductive trunk cross-sectional area increment, height increment, yield and YE, the additive to dominance variance ratio was more than 1, implicating additive gene action in their expression while the reverse was the case for juvenile trunk cross-sectional area increment (TCSAj), canopy spread increment, chlorophyll content (ChlC) and chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF), suggesting in their expression the preponderance of non-additive gene action. Except for TCSAj, moderate-to-high heritabilities, in the narrow-sense, were observed for the assessed traits, suggesting that substantial genetic variation exist for these traits for breeding.