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<p>Methionine is an essential amino acid in maize kernels with critical roles in animal feed and human nutrition, yet its genetic improvement through breeding has received limited attention. This study evaluated 220 diverse maize genotypes across two environments, E1 (Kharif-2022) and E2 (Rabi-2022), for kernel methionine content. Significant variation was observed, ranging from 0.025 to 0.283%, with mean values of 0.191% (E1) and 0.190% (E2). Genotyping-by-sequencing was performed to capture genome-wide variation; from 11.5 million raw variants, 115,408 high-quality SNPs (~ 1%) were retained after filtering. Association analysis using these filtered SNPs identified 19, 24, and 12 high-confidence SNPs in E1, E2, and the combined dataset, respectively, with seven stable SNPs detected across environments. Candidate gene analysis of the region encompassing these SNPs revealed loci linked to amino acid metabolism, transport, and redox regulation, providing functional insights into methionine accumulation. To our knowledge, this is the first GWAS primarily focused on methionine content in maize kernels. The discovery of seven stable SNPs and functionally relevant candidate genes offers novel genomic resources for marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and gene editing, thereby advancing the development of methionine-rich maize cultivars for nutritional biofortification.</p>

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Genome-wide association study of kernel methionine content in maize (Zea mays L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月4日

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  • Jatin Sharma,
  • Abhijit Kumar Das,
  • Vishal Singh,
  • Dharam Paul Chaudhary,
  • Priti Sharma,
  • Sushil Kumar,
  • Yashmeet Kaur,
  • Shanu Shukla,
  • Sujay Rakshit,
  • Alla Singh,
  • Shubham Sharma,
  • Ramesh Kumar

摘要

Methionine is an essential amino acid in maize kernels with critical roles in animal feed and human nutrition, yet its genetic improvement through breeding has received limited attention. This study evaluated 220 diverse maize genotypes across two environments, E1 (Kharif-2022) and E2 (Rabi-2022), for kernel methionine content. Significant variation was observed, ranging from 0.025 to 0.283%, with mean values of 0.191% (E1) and 0.190% (E2). Genotyping-by-sequencing was performed to capture genome-wide variation; from 11.5 million raw variants, 115,408 high-quality SNPs (~ 1%) were retained after filtering. Association analysis using these filtered SNPs identified 19, 24, and 12 high-confidence SNPs in E1, E2, and the combined dataset, respectively, with seven stable SNPs detected across environments. Candidate gene analysis of the region encompassing these SNPs revealed loci linked to amino acid metabolism, transport, and redox regulation, providing functional insights into methionine accumulation. To our knowledge, this is the first GWAS primarily focused on methionine content in maize kernels. The discovery of seven stable SNPs and functionally relevant candidate genes offers novel genomic resources for marker-assisted selection, genomic selection, and gene editing, thereby advancing the development of methionine-rich maize cultivars for nutritional biofortification.