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<p>A field experiment was conducted during the <i>Summer</i> and <i>Kharif</i> seasons of 2022 at the Vegetable Experimental Field, College of Horticulture, Dr. YSR Horticultural University, V.R. Gudem, Andhra Pradesh, India. The objective was to evaluate genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for 16 growth, yield and quality traits in bitter gourd using 21 hybrids, seven parental lines, and two standard checks. The experiment followed a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all traits, indicating the presence of substantial genetic variability. High estimates of both phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for iron content (47.25% and 47.18%), yield per plant (31.48% and 31.37%), average fruit weight (25.42% and 25.32%), sex ratio (22.70% and 22.58%), charantin content (22.00% and 21.86%) and fruit length (21.90% and 21.71%). All traits exhibited high heritability, suggesting strong genetic control. Genetic advance as a percentage of the mean ranged from 10.04% (days to first male flower appearance) to 97.04% (iron content). High genetic advance was also observed for yield per plant (64.38%), average fruit weight (51.97%), sex ratio (46.29%), fruit length (44.34%), number of seeds per fruit (40.91%), fruit diameter (35.14%), internodal length (34.07%) and total soluble solids (30.07%). Notably, traits such as iron content (heritability: 99.70%; genetic advance: 97.04%), yield per plant (99.30%; 64.38%), average fruit weight (99.20%; 51.97%), sex ratio (99.00%; 46.29%), charantin content (98.70%; 44.75%), fruit length (98.30%; 44.34%) and fruit diameter (97.50%; 35.14%) exhibited a combination of high heritability and genetic advance. These findings suggest that traits with high variability, heritability, and genetic advance are predominantly controlled by additive gene action and should be prioritized in selection programs aimed at improving bitter gourd yield and quality.</p>

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Investigating the genetic components of variation among bitter gourd hybrids for the enhancement of polygenic and oligogenic traits

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月2日

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  • Biyyala Srinivasulu,
  • Naram Naidu,
  • Malikireddy Jasmitha

摘要

A field experiment was conducted during the Summer and Kharif seasons of 2022 at the Vegetable Experimental Field, College of Horticulture, Dr. YSR Horticultural University, V.R. Gudem, Andhra Pradesh, India. The objective was to evaluate genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for 16 growth, yield and quality traits in bitter gourd using 21 hybrids, seven parental lines, and two standard checks. The experiment followed a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all traits, indicating the presence of substantial genetic variability. High estimates of both phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for iron content (47.25% and 47.18%), yield per plant (31.48% and 31.37%), average fruit weight (25.42% and 25.32%), sex ratio (22.70% and 22.58%), charantin content (22.00% and 21.86%) and fruit length (21.90% and 21.71%). All traits exhibited high heritability, suggesting strong genetic control. Genetic advance as a percentage of the mean ranged from 10.04% (days to first male flower appearance) to 97.04% (iron content). High genetic advance was also observed for yield per plant (64.38%), average fruit weight (51.97%), sex ratio (46.29%), fruit length (44.34%), number of seeds per fruit (40.91%), fruit diameter (35.14%), internodal length (34.07%) and total soluble solids (30.07%). Notably, traits such as iron content (heritability: 99.70%; genetic advance: 97.04%), yield per plant (99.30%; 64.38%), average fruit weight (99.20%; 51.97%), sex ratio (99.00%; 46.29%), charantin content (98.70%; 44.75%), fruit length (98.30%; 44.34%) and fruit diameter (97.50%; 35.14%) exhibited a combination of high heritability and genetic advance. These findings suggest that traits with high variability, heritability, and genetic advance are predominantly controlled by additive gene action and should be prioritized in selection programs aimed at improving bitter gourd yield and quality.