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<p>The primary constraint in Indian hybrid rice breeding programs is the limited genetic diversity of parental lines. To address this, pre-breeding strategies are essential for broadening the genetic base. In this study, we evaluated 106 <i>indica</i> × tropical <i>japonica</i>-derived (IJD) lines, along with their respective parental lines and standard checks (n = 150 genotypes). The evaluation focused on morphological, molecular, and grain quality traits to identify high-yielding lines with desirable grain characteristics. Morphological characterization focused on 12 yield-related traits and revealed several derived lines that significantly outperformed the standard checks across multiple attributes. Notably, the genetic distance between B (female) and R (male) lines increased substantially in the newly developed parental lines compared to previously used lines, indicating enhanced genetic divergence. Combining ability and heterosis of the newly developed inter subspecific R lines were also assessed. Molecular analysis using random simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.30, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) between molecular genetic distance and the general combining ability (GCA) of male parents for grain yield. These findings highlight the value of selecting genetically diverse parents with high GCA to generate heterotic hybrids and improve breeding efficiency. Overall, this study developed a set of genetically diverse and agronomically superior parental lines, offering a valuable resource for future hybrid rice breeding and transgressive segregation-based improvement programs.</p>

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Harnessing inter-subspecific genetic variability for hybrid rice improvement: analysis of genetic diversity, heterosis, and combining ability

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月10日

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  • K. Sruthi,
  • K. B. Eswari,
  • Ch. Damodar Raju,
  • M. Sheshu Madhav,
  • A. Dhandapani,
  • M. Bala Satya Sree,
  • K. Srikrishna Latha,
  • P. Koteswararao,
  • M. Sadath Ali,
  • Divya Balakrishnan,
  • P. Senguttuvel,
  • Revathi Ponnuswamy,
  • K. B. Kemparaju,
  • Ch. Suvarna Rani,
  • M. B. Kalyani,
  • R. M. Sundaram,
  • A. S. Hari Prasad

摘要

The primary constraint in Indian hybrid rice breeding programs is the limited genetic diversity of parental lines. To address this, pre-breeding strategies are essential for broadening the genetic base. In this study, we evaluated 106 indica × tropical japonica-derived (IJD) lines, along with their respective parental lines and standard checks (n = 150 genotypes). The evaluation focused on morphological, molecular, and grain quality traits to identify high-yielding lines with desirable grain characteristics. Morphological characterization focused on 12 yield-related traits and revealed several derived lines that significantly outperformed the standard checks across multiple attributes. Notably, the genetic distance between B (female) and R (male) lines increased substantially in the newly developed parental lines compared to previously used lines, indicating enhanced genetic divergence. Combining ability and heterosis of the newly developed inter subspecific R lines were also assessed. Molecular analysis using random simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.30, P < 0.05) between molecular genetic distance and the general combining ability (GCA) of male parents for grain yield. These findings highlight the value of selecting genetically diverse parents with high GCA to generate heterotic hybrids and improve breeding efficiency. Overall, this study developed a set of genetically diverse and agronomically superior parental lines, offering a valuable resource for future hybrid rice breeding and transgressive segregation-based improvement programs.