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<p>Fruit length (FL), a trait typically governed by quantitative genetic loci, plays a critical role in determining both the yield and the external quality of melons. Significant genetic diversity in FL exists among melon germplasms, ranging from the very short fruit of wild melons to extremely long fruits of certain <i>flexuosus</i> varieties. While genetic studies on FL have primarily focused on cultivated melons across various horticultural subgroups, the genetic loci regulating FL in wild melons remain largely unexplored. Therefore, F<sub>2</sub> segregating populations were developed by crossing a wild <i>agrestis</i> melon, XNM020, characterized by short fruits, with a cultivated <i>flexuosus</i> melon, XNM125, setting extra-long fruits. FL exhibited a largely continuous distribution in the F<sub>2</sub> populations across the 2022 spring and 2023 autumn growing seasons, confirming the quantitative genetic nature of FL between XNM020 and XNM125. Bulked segregant analysis by sequencing (BSA-Seq) identified a potential genomic region on chromosome 3 (7.33–23.99&#xa0;Mb) associated with FL variation. Subsequent QTL mapping using InDel markers validated the presence of a major-effect QTL, <i>qFL3.1</i>, within this region, accounting for 18.54% of the phenotypic variance. Annotation of polymorphic SNPs and InDels within the target genomic region, along with functional predictions, highlighted twelve candidate genes involved in biological processes of cell cycle/division, phytohormone signaling pathways, microtubule-based movement, and cell wall biogenesis/organization. These genes are likely responsible for the observed FL differences between XNM020 and XNM125. Results of this study provide valuable insights into the genetic regulation of FL and enrich the genomic resources available for marker-assisted selection breeding in melons, particularly for improving fruit length.</p>

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BSA-Seq-based genetic mapping of fruit length regulating locus in oriental melon XNM125 and XNM020

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月17日

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  • Yuqing Yang,
  • Ning Zhang,
  • Yuqing Zhou,
  • Haibing Cui,
  • Yuan Zhou,
  • Huijun Zhang,
  • Hanqiang Liu,
  • Yupeng Pan

摘要

Fruit length (FL), a trait typically governed by quantitative genetic loci, plays a critical role in determining both the yield and the external quality of melons. Significant genetic diversity in FL exists among melon germplasms, ranging from the very short fruit of wild melons to extremely long fruits of certain flexuosus varieties. While genetic studies on FL have primarily focused on cultivated melons across various horticultural subgroups, the genetic loci regulating FL in wild melons remain largely unexplored. Therefore, F2 segregating populations were developed by crossing a wild agrestis melon, XNM020, characterized by short fruits, with a cultivated flexuosus melon, XNM125, setting extra-long fruits. FL exhibited a largely continuous distribution in the F2 populations across the 2022 spring and 2023 autumn growing seasons, confirming the quantitative genetic nature of FL between XNM020 and XNM125. Bulked segregant analysis by sequencing (BSA-Seq) identified a potential genomic region on chromosome 3 (7.33–23.99 Mb) associated with FL variation. Subsequent QTL mapping using InDel markers validated the presence of a major-effect QTL, qFL3.1, within this region, accounting for 18.54% of the phenotypic variance. Annotation of polymorphic SNPs and InDels within the target genomic region, along with functional predictions, highlighted twelve candidate genes involved in biological processes of cell cycle/division, phytohormone signaling pathways, microtubule-based movement, and cell wall biogenesis/organization. These genes are likely responsible for the observed FL differences between XNM020 and XNM125. Results of this study provide valuable insights into the genetic regulation of FL and enrich the genomic resources available for marker-assisted selection breeding in melons, particularly for improving fruit length.