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<p>Plant Breeding is continually evolving to increase productivity and optimize plant utility for the benefit of humanity. However, in the case of soybean cultivation, a reduction in grain quality has been observed over the years, especially concerning protein percentage. Research conducted by Embrapa Soybean revealed a 45% decrease in protein concentration in soybean grains throughout the 1990s, dropping to 36% by 2015. Therefore, it is essential to seek methodologies that assist breeders in developing soybean varieties more balanced in terms of productivity and other traits. In this study, we compared the FAI-BLUP and GYT Biplot selection indices for choosing accessions to be included in a breeding program. We evaluated 162 soybean accessions grown in two environments during the 2014/2015 season in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. BLUP values were calculated, and accessions were selected based on FAI-BLUP and GYT Biplot indices. We observed a positive gain in protein (PRT) and productivity (PRD) with the FAI-BLUP index, while the GYT Biplot resulted in a negative gain in PRT and a positive gain in PRD. The former method demonstrated superior balance in gains across multiple traits, while the latter favored productivity gain due to its specific nature. Therefore, we suggest using these indices for accession selection in a recurrent selection program, enabling the reconciliation of gains in productivity and grain quality.</p>

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Trends and challenges in soybean genetic improvement: comparison of selection methods for productivity and grain quality

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月3日

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  • João Marcos Soares Ferreira,
  • Felipe Lopes da Silva,
  • Daniel Soares Ferreira,
  • Vitor Seiti Sagae

摘要

Plant Breeding is continually evolving to increase productivity and optimize plant utility for the benefit of humanity. However, in the case of soybean cultivation, a reduction in grain quality has been observed over the years, especially concerning protein percentage. Research conducted by Embrapa Soybean revealed a 45% decrease in protein concentration in soybean grains throughout the 1990s, dropping to 36% by 2015. Therefore, it is essential to seek methodologies that assist breeders in developing soybean varieties more balanced in terms of productivity and other traits. In this study, we compared the FAI-BLUP and GYT Biplot selection indices for choosing accessions to be included in a breeding program. We evaluated 162 soybean accessions grown in two environments during the 2014/2015 season in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. BLUP values were calculated, and accessions were selected based on FAI-BLUP and GYT Biplot indices. We observed a positive gain in protein (PRT) and productivity (PRD) with the FAI-BLUP index, while the GYT Biplot resulted in a negative gain in PRT and a positive gain in PRD. The former method demonstrated superior balance in gains across multiple traits, while the latter favored productivity gain due to its specific nature. Therefore, we suggest using these indices for accession selection in a recurrent selection program, enabling the reconciliation of gains in productivity and grain quality.