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<p>This study investigated in situ germination percentage (IGP) in 413 recombinant inbred lines and nine checks over two seasons (2022 and 2023) to explore genetic control, stability, and associated traits. Analysis revealed that while most traits followed normal distributions, the IGP and seed maturity traits showed skewed distributions. High heritability was observed for IGP, pod yield per plant and kernel yield per plant in both years, indicating strong genetic control and suitability for selection. ANOVA demonstrated significant genotype differences in IGP, with minimal block effects, and year-to-year correlations (r = 0.96) confirmed IGP stability across seasons. Biochemical and hormonal analysis revealed differential hormone levels in dormant and non-dormant lines, with abscisic acid promoting dormancy and gibberellins enhancing germination. Principal component analysis identified growth-related traits as major contributors to IGP variance. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping revealed two major stable QTLs on chromosomes 5 (SNP locus <i>Ah05_115061124</i>) and 14 (SNP locus <i>Ah14_104466501</i>), linked to genes <i>ann1.85VNG6</i> (encoding an oxidoreductase family protein) and <i>ara.hy.5M3IQK</i> (encoding a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase), respectively. These findings highlighted the potential of IGP as a target for breeding programmes focused on improving germination traits independent of yield components and emphasized the role of hormonal regulation in dormancy control.</p>

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Genetic and hormonal control of in situ germination in a recombinant inbred line population of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月8日

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  • K. Dasanal,
  • V. K. Deshpande,
  • B. N. Motagi,
  • L. C. Patil,
  • M. Jayanth,
  • R. S. Bhat

摘要

This study investigated in situ germination percentage (IGP) in 413 recombinant inbred lines and nine checks over two seasons (2022 and 2023) to explore genetic control, stability, and associated traits. Analysis revealed that while most traits followed normal distributions, the IGP and seed maturity traits showed skewed distributions. High heritability was observed for IGP, pod yield per plant and kernel yield per plant in both years, indicating strong genetic control and suitability for selection. ANOVA demonstrated significant genotype differences in IGP, with minimal block effects, and year-to-year correlations (r = 0.96) confirmed IGP stability across seasons. Biochemical and hormonal analysis revealed differential hormone levels in dormant and non-dormant lines, with abscisic acid promoting dormancy and gibberellins enhancing germination. Principal component analysis identified growth-related traits as major contributors to IGP variance. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping revealed two major stable QTLs on chromosomes 5 (SNP locus Ah05_115061124) and 14 (SNP locus Ah14_104466501), linked to genes ann1.85VNG6 (encoding an oxidoreductase family protein) and ara.hy.5M3IQK (encoding a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase), respectively. These findings highlighted the potential of IGP as a target for breeding programmes focused on improving germination traits independent of yield components and emphasized the role of hormonal regulation in dormancy control.