Carnapian Explication and the Social Sciences: A Pragmatic Model of Conceptual Replacement
摘要
In this paper, I propose a pragmatic modification of Carnap’s method of explication, extending it to the social sciences. While Carnap’s original criteria—similarity, exactness, fruitfulness, and simplicity—were developed with the exact sciences in view, their application to interdisciplinary contexts characterized by heterogeneous explanatory aims and methodological standards requires pragmatic reinterpretation. The proposed model of pragmatic explication (PE) retains Carnap’s core operation of conceptual replacement while reinterpreting its epistemic function in context-sensitive and problem-oriented terms: PE provides a more adequate conceptual framework for explanation, generalization, and problem-solving in a given field of inquiry. The conceptual transition from sex as a default explanatory category to gender illustrates how PE enhances conceptual refinement and explanatory power in the social sciences.