<p>Scientifically assessing the coupling and coordination between new urbanization and ecological resilience is critical for advancing high-quality regional development and ecological civilization. This study examines the coupling and coordination between new urbanization and ecological resilience in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration from 2008 to 2022. An evaluation framework and coupling coordination model are employed to assess their spatiotemporal evolution. The research also uses spatial autocorrelation to identify clustering patterns and a coordination influence index to measure subsystem effects. The findings show that: (1) New urbanization steadily improved from 2008 to 2022, forming a spatial structure centered on Zhengzhou, with higher levels in the northwest and lower in the southeast. (2) Ecological resilience increased fluctuatingly, showing a clear core-periphery structure. (3) Coupling coordination improved over time, moving from a barely balanced state to preliminary coordination, mirroring the spatial pattern of new urbanization. (4) Positive spatial correlations were found in coupling coordination, with high clusters around Zhengzhou and adjacent areas, while low coordination was observed in eastern Henan and western Anhui. (5) Population and economic urbanization positively contributed to coupling coordination, while social and spatial urbanization had inhibitory effects. In ecological resilience, resistance and adaptability promoted coordination, while recovery initially supported but later hindered it, and regeneration consistently had a negative impact. The study suggests strategies to enhance the coordinated development of new urbanization and ecological resilience in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration.</p>