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<p>Widespread reliance on conventional fossil fuels has led to severe public health concerns. Although clean energy adoption is widely recognized as an effective solution, it faces practical challenges due to geographic distribution imbalances. This work examines how ultra-high voltage (UHV) projects affect residents’ health. Using Chinese household-level microdata and city-level statistics, we find that the construction of UHV improves residents’ health. Mechanism analysis indicates that such health improvements are achieved through adjusting urban energy composition and promoting the diffusion of green technologies. At the household energy consumption level, these projects improve residents’ health by increasing the proportion of electricity used for cooking and heating while reducing the use of polluting energy sources. Results of the heterogeneity test indicate that people under 60, high-wealth households, and urban residents benefit more in terms of health from UHV construction. Moreover, UHV lines powered exclusively by clean energy yield more significant health benefits compared to hybrid-energy lines. Nevertheless, even hybrid-energy transmission lines improve residents’ health in electricity-exporting regions.</p>

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Cross-regional power transmission and residents’ health: evidence from China’s ultra-high voltage projects

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月2日

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  • Minglong Zhong,
  • Cailou Jiang,
  • Guohua Zeng

摘要

Widespread reliance on conventional fossil fuels has led to severe public health concerns. Although clean energy adoption is widely recognized as an effective solution, it faces practical challenges due to geographic distribution imbalances. This work examines how ultra-high voltage (UHV) projects affect residents’ health. Using Chinese household-level microdata and city-level statistics, we find that the construction of UHV improves residents’ health. Mechanism analysis indicates that such health improvements are achieved through adjusting urban energy composition and promoting the diffusion of green technologies. At the household energy consumption level, these projects improve residents’ health by increasing the proportion of electricity used for cooking and heating while reducing the use of polluting energy sources. Results of the heterogeneity test indicate that people under 60, high-wealth households, and urban residents benefit more in terms of health from UHV construction. Moreover, UHV lines powered exclusively by clean energy yield more significant health benefits compared to hybrid-energy lines. Nevertheless, even hybrid-energy transmission lines improve residents’ health in electricity-exporting regions.