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<p>The efficient utilization of livestock manure represents a critical pathway for achieving agricultural sustainability and greenhouse gas reduction. Based on survey data from 720 households in Sichuan and Jiangsu provinces, using BFG and PSM to examine the impact of contract choice on the economic benefits of manure resource utilization among pig farmers. Key findings reveal that horizontal and hybrid contracts significantly enhance economic benefits compared to market-based models, while vertical contracts show no marked effect. Environmental regulations strengthen the positive role of cooperatives, particularly under financing constraints. Pig farmers can enhance technologies for manure resource utilization and expand breeding scales by joining cooperatives. Meanwhile, vertical organizational and hybrid organizational contract structures can improve the economic benefits of farmers' manure resource utilization through increasing asset specificity and breeding scales. Policymakers are advised to incentivize hybrid contracts through subsidies and prioritize cooperative development. Strengthening environmental oversight and expanding low-interest financing channels can further promote sustainable manure management. This research provides empirical evidence for the green transition in the livestock sector.</p>

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The impact of contract choice on the economic benefits of resource utilization of swine manure by pig farmers: a perspective from environmental regulation and financing constraints

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Yanjun Jiang,
  • Yue Zhang,
  • Xuebing Bai,
  • Shilong Meng,
  • Ruiyao Ying

摘要

The efficient utilization of livestock manure represents a critical pathway for achieving agricultural sustainability and greenhouse gas reduction. Based on survey data from 720 households in Sichuan and Jiangsu provinces, using BFG and PSM to examine the impact of contract choice on the economic benefits of manure resource utilization among pig farmers. Key findings reveal that horizontal and hybrid contracts significantly enhance economic benefits compared to market-based models, while vertical contracts show no marked effect. Environmental regulations strengthen the positive role of cooperatives, particularly under financing constraints. Pig farmers can enhance technologies for manure resource utilization and expand breeding scales by joining cooperatives. Meanwhile, vertical organizational and hybrid organizational contract structures can improve the economic benefits of farmers' manure resource utilization through increasing asset specificity and breeding scales. Policymakers are advised to incentivize hybrid contracts through subsidies and prioritize cooperative development. Strengthening environmental oversight and expanding low-interest financing channels can further promote sustainable manure management. This research provides empirical evidence for the green transition in the livestock sector.