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<p>Strontium is an alkaline earth metal with diverse applications. China is the largest strontium producer in the world and plays an important role in the global supply chain. However, the strontium metabolism pattern remains unclear in China. This study investigates the metabolic feature of strontium in China’s mainland from 2004 to 2023 by conducting dynamic material flow analysis. Results reveal that domestic strontium production cannot meet its surging demand, leading to a growing import reliance. The demand for strontium-containing products first declined and then increased, and eventually stabilized. However, strontium is hardly recycled. Moreover, international trade pattern has shifted from being export-oriented to import-dependent, with main import sources shifting from Europe to North America and heavy reliance on high-purity strontium carbonate. These findings provide valuable insights to facilitate those decision makers to prepare targeted policies to strengthen strontium supply resilience, promote strontium industrial upgrading, and advance strontium recycling.</p>

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Mapping the anthropogenic strontium cycle in China from 2004 to 2023: a dynamic material flow analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Zixuan Zhang,
  • Yong Geng,
  • Yueru Mei,
  • Chen Zhong

摘要

Strontium is an alkaline earth metal with diverse applications. China is the largest strontium producer in the world and plays an important role in the global supply chain. However, the strontium metabolism pattern remains unclear in China. This study investigates the metabolic feature of strontium in China’s mainland from 2004 to 2023 by conducting dynamic material flow analysis. Results reveal that domestic strontium production cannot meet its surging demand, leading to a growing import reliance. The demand for strontium-containing products first declined and then increased, and eventually stabilized. However, strontium is hardly recycled. Moreover, international trade pattern has shifted from being export-oriented to import-dependent, with main import sources shifting from Europe to North America and heavy reliance on high-purity strontium carbonate. These findings provide valuable insights to facilitate those decision makers to prepare targeted policies to strengthen strontium supply resilience, promote strontium industrial upgrading, and advance strontium recycling.