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<p>Coordinating pollution reduction and carbon mitigation is essential for advancing sustainable development, yet whether the rapidly expanding digital economies contribute to achieving this synergy remains controversial and underexplored. This study measures the synergistic efficiency of pollution reduction and carbon mitigation (SEPRCM) across 251 Chinese prefecture-level cities (2009–2019). Leveraging the construction of National E-commerce Demonstration Cities (NEDC) as a quasi-natural experiment, we employ a double machine learning model to rigorously evaluate e-commerce’s impacts on SEPRCM. Findings show that e-commerce development significantly enhances SEPRCM, primarily through the functioning of “Technology-Entrepreneurship-Finance-Talent” nexus. The SEPRCM improvements driven by e-commerce are more pronounced in cities characterized by higher economic development levels, more advanced industrial structures, non-resource-based economies, or superior transportation infrastructure. Notably, e-commerce development exerts significant positive spatial coordination effects on SEPRCM, reducing the relative gaps in SEPRCM among cities nationwide, between northern and southern cities, coastal and inland cities, central and peripheral cities, as well as those on either side of the Hu Line. Further research demonstrates that SEPRCM is better achieved when e-commerce is promoted in combination with other environmental policy tools, such as climate mitigation policy, climate adaptation policy, or environmental justice enhancement policy, which generates synergistic policy mix effects. These findings provide robust policy guidance for leveraging e-commerce development and strategic policy integration to achieve higher synergistic efficiency of pollution reduction and carbon mitigation.</p>

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Enhancing the synergistic efficiency of pollution reduction and carbon mitigation: the role of e-commerce and its synergy with environmental policy tools

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月18日

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  • Zexin Lin,
  • Pingyang Liu,
  • Yiting Qing

摘要

Coordinating pollution reduction and carbon mitigation is essential for advancing sustainable development, yet whether the rapidly expanding digital economies contribute to achieving this synergy remains controversial and underexplored. This study measures the synergistic efficiency of pollution reduction and carbon mitigation (SEPRCM) across 251 Chinese prefecture-level cities (2009–2019). Leveraging the construction of National E-commerce Demonstration Cities (NEDC) as a quasi-natural experiment, we employ a double machine learning model to rigorously evaluate e-commerce’s impacts on SEPRCM. Findings show that e-commerce development significantly enhances SEPRCM, primarily through the functioning of “Technology-Entrepreneurship-Finance-Talent” nexus. The SEPRCM improvements driven by e-commerce are more pronounced in cities characterized by higher economic development levels, more advanced industrial structures, non-resource-based economies, or superior transportation infrastructure. Notably, e-commerce development exerts significant positive spatial coordination effects on SEPRCM, reducing the relative gaps in SEPRCM among cities nationwide, between northern and southern cities, coastal and inland cities, central and peripheral cities, as well as those on either side of the Hu Line. Further research demonstrates that SEPRCM is better achieved when e-commerce is promoted in combination with other environmental policy tools, such as climate mitigation policy, climate adaptation policy, or environmental justice enhancement policy, which generates synergistic policy mix effects. These findings provide robust policy guidance for leveraging e-commerce development and strategic policy integration to achieve higher synergistic efficiency of pollution reduction and carbon mitigation.