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<p>Non-point source (NPS) pollution continues to pose a major challenge for water quality control, particularly in large catchments like the Poyang Lake Basin. Best management practices (BMPs) are widely adopted for mitigating NPS pollution; however, their practical application often overlooks regional hydrological characteristics and water quality objectives, limiting their effectiveness. This study aims to enhance the operational utility of BMPs by integrating inflow river constraints into pollution reduction strategies, with a focus on total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) control in the Poyang Lake Basin. By employing the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, we analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of TN and TP losses from 1973 to 2019. Results revealed significant interannual fluctuations in TN and TP inputs to Poyang lake, concentrating in April to June. The analysis identified cropland as leading cause of nutrient contamination (46.0% of TN and 90.7% of TP). We compared engineering (vegetative filter strips) and non-engineering (fertilization management) measures for pollution reduction, finding that vegetative filter strips were significantly more effective at lowering nutrient loads. Additionally, expanding the coverage of BMPs led to a reduction in overall pollution loads but diminished per-unit-area reduction efficiency. To achieve water quality targets for tributary rivers entering the lake, effective strategies included: 20% fertilization reduction across 80% of the basin, 0.5&#xa0;m vegetative filter strips on 40% of critical cropland, or 1&#xa0;m vegetative filter strips on 30% of critical areas, resulting in sub-basin TP reductions of up to 34.51%. These findings provide valuable guidance for targeted nutrient control in the basin, highlighting the necessity for customized BMP strategies that take into account regional conditions and water quality objectives.</p>

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Evaluation of watershed best management practices under water quality target constraints for rivers flowing into lakes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月7日

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  • Weiyi Zhou,
  • Caihong Tang,
  • Shanghong Zhang,
  • Chuansen Wu,
  • Yinxin Ge

摘要

Non-point source (NPS) pollution continues to pose a major challenge for water quality control, particularly in large catchments like the Poyang Lake Basin. Best management practices (BMPs) are widely adopted for mitigating NPS pollution; however, their practical application often overlooks regional hydrological characteristics and water quality objectives, limiting their effectiveness. This study aims to enhance the operational utility of BMPs by integrating inflow river constraints into pollution reduction strategies, with a focus on total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) control in the Poyang Lake Basin. By employing the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, we analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution of TN and TP losses from 1973 to 2019. Results revealed significant interannual fluctuations in TN and TP inputs to Poyang lake, concentrating in April to June. The analysis identified cropland as leading cause of nutrient contamination (46.0% of TN and 90.7% of TP). We compared engineering (vegetative filter strips) and non-engineering (fertilization management) measures for pollution reduction, finding that vegetative filter strips were significantly more effective at lowering nutrient loads. Additionally, expanding the coverage of BMPs led to a reduction in overall pollution loads but diminished per-unit-area reduction efficiency. To achieve water quality targets for tributary rivers entering the lake, effective strategies included: 20% fertilization reduction across 80% of the basin, 0.5 m vegetative filter strips on 40% of critical cropland, or 1 m vegetative filter strips on 30% of critical areas, resulting in sub-basin TP reductions of up to 34.51%. These findings provide valuable guidance for targeted nutrient control in the basin, highlighting the necessity for customized BMP strategies that take into account regional conditions and water quality objectives.