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<p>This study investigates Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) changes and their impact on Land Surface Temperature (LST) in the Korba Coalfield (KCF) region, India, by using Landsat imagery (2001–2021). The objective is to understand how mining-driven land transformations influence local thermal and ecological conditions. Thermal band from Landsat imagery was used to investigate variations in LST, while unsupervised classification techniques were employed to generate LULC maps. Additionally, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) were used to estimate vegetation and water cover, respectively, providing a comprehensive assessment of the study area’s environmental dynamics. The analysis revealed significant land cover variability in the Korba Coalfield region between 2001 and 2021, characterized by substantial growth in mining and habitation areas, likely driven by economic development. Conversely, forests, water bodies, croplands, and fallow lands experienced declines. The accuracy of the LULC maps was high, with Kappa coefficients of 88.2%, 90.5%, and 93.3% for 2001, 2011, and 2021, respectively, confirming the reliability of the analysis. An analysis revealed a steady increase in LST between 2001 and 2021, attributed to LULC changes, accompanied by a decline in vegetation and water cover. Furthermore, weak inverse correlations were observed between LST and NDVI (R<sup>2</sup> value were 0.0735, 0.1043 &amp; 0.1697 for 2001, 2011 &amp; 2021), as well as between LST and NDWI (R<sup>2</sup> value were 0.0905, 0.1914 &amp; 0.081 for 2001, 2011 &amp; 2021), indicating that rising temperatures are correlated to decreasing vegetation and water cover in the study region. These results highlight the critical role of land use and land cover changes in different land pattern along with vegetation and water bodies in regulating local climatic conditions and emphasize the need for sustainable land management strategies in mining regions. These findings emphasize the need for sustainable land management to mitigate rising temperatures in mining affected regions.</p>

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Spatiotemporal analysis of land use changes and their impact on surface temperature in Korba coalfield region, India using remote sensing and GIS techniques

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Vijayendra Pratap Dheeraj,
  • C. S. Singh,
  • Ashwani Kumar Sonkar

摘要

This study investigates Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) changes and their impact on Land Surface Temperature (LST) in the Korba Coalfield (KCF) region, India, by using Landsat imagery (2001–2021). The objective is to understand how mining-driven land transformations influence local thermal and ecological conditions. Thermal band from Landsat imagery was used to investigate variations in LST, while unsupervised classification techniques were employed to generate LULC maps. Additionally, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) were used to estimate vegetation and water cover, respectively, providing a comprehensive assessment of the study area’s environmental dynamics. The analysis revealed significant land cover variability in the Korba Coalfield region between 2001 and 2021, characterized by substantial growth in mining and habitation areas, likely driven by economic development. Conversely, forests, water bodies, croplands, and fallow lands experienced declines. The accuracy of the LULC maps was high, with Kappa coefficients of 88.2%, 90.5%, and 93.3% for 2001, 2011, and 2021, respectively, confirming the reliability of the analysis. An analysis revealed a steady increase in LST between 2001 and 2021, attributed to LULC changes, accompanied by a decline in vegetation and water cover. Furthermore, weak inverse correlations were observed between LST and NDVI (R2 value were 0.0735, 0.1043 & 0.1697 for 2001, 2011 & 2021), as well as between LST and NDWI (R2 value were 0.0905, 0.1914 & 0.081 for 2001, 2011 & 2021), indicating that rising temperatures are correlated to decreasing vegetation and water cover in the study region. These results highlight the critical role of land use and land cover changes in different land pattern along with vegetation and water bodies in regulating local climatic conditions and emphasize the need for sustainable land management strategies in mining regions. These findings emphasize the need for sustainable land management to mitigate rising temperatures in mining affected regions.