<p>Climate change is a growing threat to Food systems (FSs). Its impacts are devastating unless viable adaptation and mitigation strategies are adopted. Previous studies have identified various adaptation and mitigation strategies. However, they have scarcely identified the strategies using the FS approach across agro-ecologies. This study investigates farm households’ adaptation and mitigation strategies using the FS approach across agro-ecologies. The study utilizes cross-sectional data from 315 randomly selected respondents, complemented with historical climate data in Tigray, Ethiopia. Weighted Average Indexes and Zero Truncated Negative Binomial models were applied. The result revealed that most sampled households perceived climate change and practiced different strategies. Irrigation, mixed agriculture, and dietary changes are the most important strategies practiced in pre-production, production, and post-production components of the FSs, respectively. In the lowland agro-ecology, irrigation, selection of crop varieties, and soil and water conservation are the most important strategies in descending order. While in the midlands, mixed agriculture and adjustment of sowing dates are ranked as the most important strategies. Adjustment of sowing dates, followed by soil and water conservation, and selection of crop varieties, are the prioritized strategies in the highlands. Better farming experiences, cultivated land endowment, access to credit, climate information, proximity to input supply institutions, contact with development agents, and perceptions of climate change have a positive and statistically significant effect on the number of adaptation and mitigation strategies practiced. This study recommends that practitioners and policymakers integrate agro-ecology and FSs approaches in identifying and expanding adaptation and mitigation strategies.</p>