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<p>Environmental challenges have serious concerns to global policy makers due to their increasing trends despite remarkable innovation. However, energy balancing is an important component for environmental sustainability along with ecological safety. Considering these unexplored aspects, this study examines the nexus between environmental sustainability and energy security by analyzing the energy gap (EG), defined as the difference between total energy consumption (EC) and production (EP). Using panel data from 120 countries (1990–2021), we employ second-generation panel econometric techniques, including stepwise fixed effects and panel quantile regression. The results indicate that renewable energy adoption significantly reduces EG and carbon emissions, with modern renewables and energy trade enhancing these effects. Conversely, oil dependence and energy-intensive practices exacerbate EG, while widening EG marginally mitigates emissions. The findings underscore renewables’ role in bridging energy deficits and decarbonizing economies. By identifying EG as a key driver of emissions, this study emphasizes scaling investments in renewable infrastructure and enforcing energy efficiency standards with less oil production. Policymakers can leverage these insights to foster international energy cooperation, advancing Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7. This research provides a framework for aligning energy transitions with climate resilience, offering actionable strategies to reconcile energy-emission trade-offs.</p>

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Analyzing environmental resilience through energy rebalancing and transitions in global perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Naveed Aslam,
  • Wanping Yang,
  • Rabia Saeed

摘要

Environmental challenges have serious concerns to global policy makers due to their increasing trends despite remarkable innovation. However, energy balancing is an important component for environmental sustainability along with ecological safety. Considering these unexplored aspects, this study examines the nexus between environmental sustainability and energy security by analyzing the energy gap (EG), defined as the difference between total energy consumption (EC) and production (EP). Using panel data from 120 countries (1990–2021), we employ second-generation panel econometric techniques, including stepwise fixed effects and panel quantile regression. The results indicate that renewable energy adoption significantly reduces EG and carbon emissions, with modern renewables and energy trade enhancing these effects. Conversely, oil dependence and energy-intensive practices exacerbate EG, while widening EG marginally mitigates emissions. The findings underscore renewables’ role in bridging energy deficits and decarbonizing economies. By identifying EG as a key driver of emissions, this study emphasizes scaling investments in renewable infrastructure and enforcing energy efficiency standards with less oil production. Policymakers can leverage these insights to foster international energy cooperation, advancing Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 7. This research provides a framework for aligning energy transitions with climate resilience, offering actionable strategies to reconcile energy-emission trade-offs.