<p>To reduce pollutant emissions (CO₂, PM_2.5, SO₂, and NO<i>x</i>) and lower the risk of heavy metal pollution from waste batteries in electric vehicles (WBEVs), this study introduces a reward-and-punishment strategy (RPS) that includes rewards and subsidies for recycling and reuse and penalties for illegal recycling. Combining RPS with 5G and lightweight technology, a potential enhancement algorithm for WBEV-related pollution control and carbon reduction is established. On this basis, system dynamics and life-cycle assessment are integrated to establish an electric vehicle (EV) pollution control and carbon-reduction model. The findings indicate the following: (1) In terms of reducing heavy metal pollution risk, the 5G-RPS mode has the best effects. The order of effects is 5G-RPS &gt; lightweight-RPS &gt; 5G-lightweight. (2) In terms of pollution control, 5G-lightweight has the most obvious effects, but there are significant differences in its effectiveness at different stages. (3) In terms of carbon reduction, the ranking of effects is 5G-lightweight &gt; 5G-RPS &gt; lightweight-RPS. Compared with the baseline scenario, the potential for reducing CO₂ emissions from EVs is 3,807,500 tons (5G-lightweight mode), 1,703,300 tons (lightweight-RPS mode), and 2,991,600 tons (5G-RPS mode). These findings provide a decision-making basis to improve pollution control and carbon-reduction strategies.</p>