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<p>As part of China’s rural revitalisation efforts, this study evaluates the quality of rural human settlements (RHS) in 31 villages within Wuhan’s Jiangxia District. An integrated framework combining the Three-Circle theory (VSC), PLES, and New Institutional Economics is employed. A system of seventeen indicators is weighted using a hybrid AHP–entropy scheme. Data from 377 resident surveys inform a Random Forest model with SHAP interpretation, and Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) is utilised to classify village types. The findings indicate: (1) villages cluster into categories of Overall Lagging, Moderate Development, and High-Level Development, each exhibiting distinct indicator profiles; (2) human management and village comprehensive civilization scores are higher, whereas public services and environmental sanitation are less developed; notably, political civilization, spiritual civilization, and toilet renovation emerge as the most significant drivers of RHS variation; (3) public service indicators contribute minimally on average, with indicator effects displaying nonlinear interactions. By applying property rights and transaction cost perspectives, the study elucidates underperformance following construction and proposes tailored, governance-aware interventions. The results offer a comprehensible typology and an evidence base for targeted improvements of RHS in similar peri-urban contexts.</p>

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The nuanced assessment of rural human settlement improvement: Learning from farmers’ experiences in Wuhan, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Li Dai,
  • Xunuo Wang,
  • Wei Wei

摘要

As part of China’s rural revitalisation efforts, this study evaluates the quality of rural human settlements (RHS) in 31 villages within Wuhan’s Jiangxia District. An integrated framework combining the Three-Circle theory (VSC), PLES, and New Institutional Economics is employed. A system of seventeen indicators is weighted using a hybrid AHP–entropy scheme. Data from 377 resident surveys inform a Random Forest model with SHAP interpretation, and Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) is utilised to classify village types. The findings indicate: (1) villages cluster into categories of Overall Lagging, Moderate Development, and High-Level Development, each exhibiting distinct indicator profiles; (2) human management and village comprehensive civilization scores are higher, whereas public services and environmental sanitation are less developed; notably, political civilization, spiritual civilization, and toilet renovation emerge as the most significant drivers of RHS variation; (3) public service indicators contribute minimally on average, with indicator effects displaying nonlinear interactions. By applying property rights and transaction cost perspectives, the study elucidates underperformance following construction and proposes tailored, governance-aware interventions. The results offer a comprehensible typology and an evidence base for targeted improvements of RHS in similar peri-urban contexts.