<p>The integrated and coordinated development of transportation and tourism is crucial for regional economic transformation, yet its evaluation lacks dynamic framework. This paper addresses this issue by developing and applying a modified Integration Coordination Degree Model (ICDM) to assess the relationship between the highway transportation and tourism industries in Xinjiang, China. Using panel data from 14 prefectures and municipalities (2011–2020), we first employ the Entropy Weight Method (EWM) to evaluate the development level of each sector. We then construct the ICDM, which innovatively decomposes the inter-system relationship into two distinct metrics: an “integration degree” based on the developmental difference and a dynamic “coordination degree” based on the ratio, overcoming the static and subjective limitations of traditional models. The empirical results reveal two key findings. First, while the overall integrated development in Xinjiang shows an upward trend, it remains at a relatively low level, with transportation infrastructure consistently outpacing the tourism sector’s growth. Second, significant and persistent spatiotemporal disparities exist, with development concentrated in a few core urban areas. The ICDM framework developed herein is proven to be an effective tool for diagnosing these complex dynamics, offering valuable theoretical insights and practical guidance for formulating targeted, region-specific policies aimed at fostering industrial synergy.</p>