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<p>Mitigating carbon emissions is critical for achieving both global and national carbon neutrality objectives. In this context, data assets (DA) emerge as a cornerstone strategic resource. Understanding whether DA can reduce carbon emissions is crucial for firms seeking to improve resource allocation efficiency, promote green and low-carbon technological transitions, and gain competitive advantages. However, significant variations in DA owner competence lead to disparities in utilizing renewable energy and non-physical value creation methods. Using panel data from 920 listed Chinese firms (2011–2023) and OLS models, this paper explores the relationship between DA and carbon emissions and the mediating effects of governance, matching, and timing competence. The main findings indicate that firms can significantly decrease carbon emissions in their production processes by developing DA, a result robust to various tests. DA reduces carbon emissions by enhancing governance competence, matching competence and timing competence. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that the impact of DA on carbon emissions is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises and firms with lower pollution levels. Furthermore, the effect is stronger in firms facing high environmental uncertainty and limited marketization. This study bridges a gap in socio-economic and policy research by empirically demonstrating how data assets can be leveraged to reduce carbon emissions. The conclusions offer valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners on how firms can effectively utilize DA to reduce carbon emissions and contribute to climate change mitigation.</p>

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Abandoned pawns on the queenside: how data assets enable firms to reduce carbon emissions through ownership competence

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月27日

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  • Yi Xiao,
  • Li Kong,
  • Xiongtian Shi

摘要

Mitigating carbon emissions is critical for achieving both global and national carbon neutrality objectives. In this context, data assets (DA) emerge as a cornerstone strategic resource. Understanding whether DA can reduce carbon emissions is crucial for firms seeking to improve resource allocation efficiency, promote green and low-carbon technological transitions, and gain competitive advantages. However, significant variations in DA owner competence lead to disparities in utilizing renewable energy and non-physical value creation methods. Using panel data from 920 listed Chinese firms (2011–2023) and OLS models, this paper explores the relationship between DA and carbon emissions and the mediating effects of governance, matching, and timing competence. The main findings indicate that firms can significantly decrease carbon emissions in their production processes by developing DA, a result robust to various tests. DA reduces carbon emissions by enhancing governance competence, matching competence and timing competence. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that the impact of DA on carbon emissions is more pronounced in state-owned enterprises and firms with lower pollution levels. Furthermore, the effect is stronger in firms facing high environmental uncertainty and limited marketization. This study bridges a gap in socio-economic and policy research by empirically demonstrating how data assets can be leveraged to reduce carbon emissions. The conclusions offer valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners on how firms can effectively utilize DA to reduce carbon emissions and contribute to climate change mitigation.