<p>This study determines to unveil the influence of environmentally relevant technologies and other controlling regressors (transportation infrastructure, trade openness and industrial growth) on non-clean energy, total final energy use, energy efficiency and economic enrichment in China and India. To accomplish these goals, this study uses panel data from 1995 to 2023 and employs first- and second-generation panel econometric approaches to help address cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity. Estimates show that every 1% expansion of environment-related technologies can significantly reduce non-renewable energy, total final energy, and energy intensity by 0.393%, 0.187%, and 0.428% respectively, while substantially stimulating economic advancement by 0.288%. Furthermore, the evidence also shows that economic growth has a progressive and substantial contribution to total final energy, non-renewable energy, and energy intensity. Trade openness suppresses energy intensity and demand for non-clean energy sources, while boosting total energy demand and economic enrichment. The findings of the Dumetrescu and Hurline panel causality test highlight the feedback causality between economic benefits and fossil fuel energy use. The analysis also demonstrates bilateral causal relationships between environmentally relevant technologies and trade openness, energy intensity, and total final energy use. This evidence suggests that environmentally relevant technologies can help China and India diminish their use of fossil fuel energy and boost growth by improving overall energy efficiency. Based on the above results, this study provides a series of fruitful implications for the sustainable development goals of environmental and economic progress in China and India.</p>