<p>Sustainable agricultural intensification (SAI) emerged as a response to the problems associated with feeding the growing global population while addressing environmental issues such as land degradation, water scarcity, biodiversity loss, and more recently climate change. Despite the many studies on sustainable agricultural intensification effects on household welfare outcomes in Africa, the results remain mixed. Given the need to provide a comprehensive insight into the literature on SAIs, we conducted a systematic review of studies published over the last ten years (from 2014 to 2023) on SAI practices and their impacts using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. The review showed that SAI practices widely adopted and researched on include improved seed varieties, organic fertiliser, inorganic fertiliser, irrigation, and crop rotation and intercropping, whiles studies on agrisilviculture, agrosilvopastoralism, herbicides, pesticides, crop insurance, and livestock are limited. Also, studies on SAI impacts concentrated on farm productivity and income, food consumption and poverty alleviation, with very few on households’ resilience, women empowerment, labour demand and migration, and asset accumulation. Most of the studies reported positive impacts of SAIs on welfare outcomes such as agricultural productivity, incomes, food security, poverty reduction, and environmental protection. Thus, SAI practices can help build farmer resilience to climate-related, environmental, and other socio-economic shocks. However, future policies and programmes need to prioritise understanding the impact pathways of SAI on welfare for more targeted policy interventions. These findings have significant policy implications for future research and funding focus on SAI in developing economies.</p>