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<p>Amid growing environmental pressures and rapid urbanization, enhancing urban ecological resilience (UER) is essential for sustainable city development. However, its spatial patterns and driving mechanisms remain underexplored at the national level. This study systematically examines UER across 286 Chinese cities from 2000 to 2021, using Mann-Kendall trend tests, spatial autocorrelation analysis, the Dagum Gini coefficient, spatial Markov chains, and interpretable machine learning techniques. The findings indicate that: Firstly, UER exhibited an overall upward trend both nationally and across the eastern, central, and western regions, with Tianjin at the highest average UER and Heilongjiang at the lowest. Secondly, urban ecological resilience exhibited significant spatial clustering, characterized by spillover effects between neighboring cities, with the southeastern coastal areas forming high-high zones and the northeastern and southwestern regions forming low-low zones. Thirdly, the Gini coefficient for UER exhibited an initial decrease followed by an increase, with intra-regional disparities being the primary source of inequality, and the most significant UER disparities were observed in the eastern region, followed by the western and central regions. Finally, it is noteworthy that technological and social factors exerted a more substantial influence on UER than environmental factors, and their impacts varied over time. Among these factors, green patents, hospital beds, and per capita GDP exhibited the most substantial impact on UER. This study contributes to the practical application of the S-E-T framework in China and provides significant insights into understanding the development patterns of urban ecological resilience. It also offers a theoretical foundation for promoting sustainable urban development in China by informing policies aimed at improving urban resilience. Policy makers should implement region-specific strategies, foster innovation, balance economic growth with ecological resilience, and adopt long-term adaptive approaches for sustainable urban development.</p>

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Spatiotemporal changes and underlying factors of urban ecological resilience: evidence from Chinese cities

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Anle Cheng

摘要

Amid growing environmental pressures and rapid urbanization, enhancing urban ecological resilience (UER) is essential for sustainable city development. However, its spatial patterns and driving mechanisms remain underexplored at the national level. This study systematically examines UER across 286 Chinese cities from 2000 to 2021, using Mann-Kendall trend tests, spatial autocorrelation analysis, the Dagum Gini coefficient, spatial Markov chains, and interpretable machine learning techniques. The findings indicate that: Firstly, UER exhibited an overall upward trend both nationally and across the eastern, central, and western regions, with Tianjin at the highest average UER and Heilongjiang at the lowest. Secondly, urban ecological resilience exhibited significant spatial clustering, characterized by spillover effects between neighboring cities, with the southeastern coastal areas forming high-high zones and the northeastern and southwestern regions forming low-low zones. Thirdly, the Gini coefficient for UER exhibited an initial decrease followed by an increase, with intra-regional disparities being the primary source of inequality, and the most significant UER disparities were observed in the eastern region, followed by the western and central regions. Finally, it is noteworthy that technological and social factors exerted a more substantial influence on UER than environmental factors, and their impacts varied over time. Among these factors, green patents, hospital beds, and per capita GDP exhibited the most substantial impact on UER. This study contributes to the practical application of the S-E-T framework in China and provides significant insights into understanding the development patterns of urban ecological resilience. It also offers a theoretical foundation for promoting sustainable urban development in China by informing policies aimed at improving urban resilience. Policy makers should implement region-specific strategies, foster innovation, balance economic growth with ecological resilience, and adopt long-term adaptive approaches for sustainable urban development.