<p>Agriculture is the backbone of Kupwara’s economy, sustaining nearly 70% of the population. However, declining efficiency, shrinking farmland, and environmental challenges threaten the sustainability of agricultural sector which serves as the regions primary source of livelihood. Given the vital role of the environment in agricultural growth, this study explores key factors such as land use land cover, water resources, soil moisture, and erosion to assess their impact on the region’s agriculture. Data pertaining to these critical environmental factors have been collected utilizing diverse methodologies. Land use and land cover assessments have been conducted through satellite imagery analysis. Soil loss estimations have been done by employing the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. Soil moisture levels have been estimated utilizing the Soil Moisture Index (SMI), while the availability of water resources has been calibrated through indices such as the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI). The study findings highlight a concerning decline in agricultural land availability over time, paralleled by a reduction in total water bodies in the region. A notable positive correlation emerges between vegetation cover and water resources, indicating their interdependence. Soil moisture follows a heterogeneous seasonal pattern, retaining approximately 50% of the total moisture, peaking during sowing seasons, and declining during harvesting months, demonstrating a positive correlation with agricultural production. Soil erosion affects 30% of the total area, with maximum erosion reaching up to 970t/ha/yr. These findings highlight the critical need for environmental conservation to support sustainable agricultural development in the study area.</p>