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<p>Energy efficiency (EE) is essential for reducing carbon emissions, regions like West Africa where energy challenges impede sustainable development. In response, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) implemented an EE policy in 2013. This study employs the Super Slacks-Based Measure-Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA) model to evaluate EE levels in ECOWAS countries before and after the policy’s implementation. The results show significant disparities in EE across the region, with countries like Cote d’Ivoire (1.364), Mali (1.135), and Sierra Leone (1.045) achieving relatively higher efficiency, while Nigeria (0.594) and Togo (0.598) exhibit lower levels, suggesting resource inefficiency. However, no significant statistical difference in EE was found before and after policy implementation, indicating limited effectiveness of the policy. Additionally, the study examines the impact of natural resource (NR) rent and financial development on EE. While NR rent does not significantly influence efficiency, financial development proves to be a crucial factor in improving energy use. The study concludes that strengthening institutional frameworks and improving policy implementation strategies are vital for enhancing EE. Recommendations include promoting regional cooperation, focusing on financial incentives for green technologies, and prioritizing energy-efficient technologies in lagging countries like Nigeria and Togo.</p>

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Unveil the role financial development and natural resources for energy efficiency in ECOWAS economies: application of Super-SBM-DEA model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月27日

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  • Rizwana Yasmeen,
  • Rui Tao,
  • Wasi Ul Hassan Shah,
  • Abdul Rehman

摘要

Energy efficiency (EE) is essential for reducing carbon emissions, regions like West Africa where energy challenges impede sustainable development. In response, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) implemented an EE policy in 2013. This study employs the Super Slacks-Based Measure-Data Envelopment Analysis (SBM-DEA) model to evaluate EE levels in ECOWAS countries before and after the policy’s implementation. The results show significant disparities in EE across the region, with countries like Cote d’Ivoire (1.364), Mali (1.135), and Sierra Leone (1.045) achieving relatively higher efficiency, while Nigeria (0.594) and Togo (0.598) exhibit lower levels, suggesting resource inefficiency. However, no significant statistical difference in EE was found before and after policy implementation, indicating limited effectiveness of the policy. Additionally, the study examines the impact of natural resource (NR) rent and financial development on EE. While NR rent does not significantly influence efficiency, financial development proves to be a crucial factor in improving energy use. The study concludes that strengthening institutional frameworks and improving policy implementation strategies are vital for enhancing EE. Recommendations include promoting regional cooperation, focusing on financial incentives for green technologies, and prioritizing energy-efficient technologies in lagging countries like Nigeria and Togo.