The impact of the agricultural digital economy on China’s sustainable development of agricultural exports—based on the perspective of internal drive and external incentive
摘要
The rapid expansion of China’s agricultural digital economy has emerged as a critical catalyst for agricultural export growth, providing a durable foundation for their long–term sustainability. Sustainable agricultural export development is conceptualized here as the harmonious integration of economic, ecological, and social progress. Leveraging theoretical insights into the digital economy’s impact mechanisms, this study empirically evaluates its effects and pathways on agricultural export sustainability using China Customs data spanning 2011–2016. Key conclusions include: (1) The development of agricultural digital economy significantly improves the level of sustainable development of agricultural exports, and shows the characteristics of economic sustainability > environmental sustainability > social sustainability. (2) Heterogeneity analyses reveal stronger promotional effects for eastern region enterprises, non–state–owned sectors, technology–intensive agricultural products, and exports directed toward low– and middle–income economies. (3) The agricultural digital economy drives sustainable export outcomes through dual channels: internal drivers rooted in technological innovation effect and resource allocation effect, alongside external incentives generated by demand expansive effect and value chain correlation effect. These findings highlight the digital economy’s transformative potential in reconciling agricultural export competitiveness with sustainable development objectives.