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<p>The study explores the dynamic effect of gender and foreign board diversity on the environmental performance of the non-financial listed firms of Pakistan, moderating the role of long-term capitalization. The study used EDI (Environmental Disclosure Index); for this reason, 20 different events have been gathered from annual audited reports of non-financial listed firms for the period covered 2017–2023 from PSX. A sample of 297 non-financial listed firms has been selected from a target population of 381 firms. Pooled OLS, regression with fixed effect, random effect, and GMM model are used and supported by FGLS as robust standard error. Board gender diversity and foreign nationality diversity are significantly negatively associated with the firm’s environmental performance, whereas moderator Ltc is significantly positive.</p>

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Diversity dynamics: untangling the intersection of gender, nationality, and long-term debt in shaping corporate environmental performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Abid Noor,
  • Rohail Hassan

摘要

The study explores the dynamic effect of gender and foreign board diversity on the environmental performance of the non-financial listed firms of Pakistan, moderating the role of long-term capitalization. The study used EDI (Environmental Disclosure Index); for this reason, 20 different events have been gathered from annual audited reports of non-financial listed firms for the period covered 2017–2023 from PSX. A sample of 297 non-financial listed firms has been selected from a target population of 381 firms. Pooled OLS, regression with fixed effect, random effect, and GMM model are used and supported by FGLS as robust standard error. Board gender diversity and foreign nationality diversity are significantly negatively associated with the firm’s environmental performance, whereas moderator Ltc is significantly positive.