<p>Resource conflicts are common in low and middle-income developing countries, often due to competing demands for land, water, forest, wildlife, and minerals. In northern Ghana, long-lasting socioeconomic neglect, extreme climate stressors, rapid population growth, and increasing pressure on natural resources have intensified common resource-user conflicts. Utilizing the tragedy of the commons and the commons theories’ perspectives, this study examined conflicting interests among critical stakeholders, including local conservationists (Community Resource Management Areas [CREMAs] leadership), smallholder farmers, and pastoralist/herders along the Black Volta River corridor in Ghana’s Upper West Region. The goal was to identify the drivers of a three-way resource-user conflict and propose sustainable, localized solutions. This study utilized a qualitative approach. The results from transect walks and focus group discussions with the conflict stakeholders show that competition for land and water resources, encroachment into conserved areas, and misunderstandings about land use practices are the leading underlying causes. Pastoralists expressed concerns over restricted access to water sources and grazing lands, while smallholder farmers highlighted crop damage and resource competition. Local conservationists reported challenges in reconciling the demands of livelihoods with ecosystem conservation. Stakeholders proposed solutions such as establishing clear resource boundaries, enhancing communication channels, implementing joint resource management approaches, and integrating sustainable practices in pastoralism and agriculture to address existing conflicts and promote sustainable resource governance in the region amidst escalating climate change. Ultimately, I argue that a collaborative approach to resource management and conflict resolution is necessary, shifting from an individualistic “selfish” mindset to a more collective system.</p>