<p>Considering the high priority given to the digital economy and ecological resilience, it is crucial to study the heterogeneous impacts of the digital economy on ecological resilience for enhancing environmental protection and environmental policy design. This paper explores the heterogeneous impacts of the digital economy on ecological resilience and the nonlinear relationship between them using Bayesian non-parametric generalized quantile regression based on panel data from 2011 to 2020 for 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in China. Moreover, the moderating effect of technological innovation is examined. The findings suggest that the digital economy exerts a notably heterogeneous effect on ecological resilience. Specifically, there is a decreasing and then increasing trend between them. At 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 quantiles of ecological resilience, the elasticity coefficients of the digital economy follow similar trends, with smaller variations. At the 0.1 quantiles of the ecological resilience, the utility of the digital economy is not significant. At the 0.9 quantiles of the ecological resilience level, the elasticity coefficient has a large fluctuation. Lower and higher digital economy can effectively promote ecological resilience. However, medium digital economy inhibits ecological resilience. Moreover, the digital economy mainly affects ecological resilience through technological innovation. Finally, policy recommendations are given to promote environmental protection and environmental governance.</p>