Exploring possibilities for capturing and utilizing biogas derived from zoo waste

As a source of renewable energy through biogas production, this review explores the untapped potential of zoo-derived waste which encompasses uneaten food, bedding materials, and animal excreta, as a viable substrate for anaerobic digestion, producing biogas rich in carbon dioxide and methane. The transformation of this biogas into energy forms suitable for heating, cooking, fuel or electricity contributed to a sustainable energy ecosystem. This study demonstrates the feasibility of on-site biogas application or its integration into the energy grid, addressing operational, technical, and maintenance aspects of biogas plant installation with zoological environments. Through project studies, this review contributes insights into the practicality and advantages of utilizing biogas systems as a core center of zoos’ sustainability initiatives. Recommendations for advancing research and development in this criterion are supported. The overarching aim is to leverage biogas implementation technology to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, increase resource efficiency, and elevate environmental responsibility between zoological institutions.