Evaluation of the effects of development of Gando protected area by rapid impact assessment matrix method (RIAM)

The short-nosed crocodile or swamp crocodile is distributed from Iran to Assam, India. Evaluating the effects of development is a way to show the negative and positive effects of a project and thus a tool for proper planning and optimal management. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the development effects of Gando Protected Area using Matrix (rapid impact assessment matrix). Research results show that highway construction has fewer negative consequences and more positive effects. In stage (RIAM-A) of the highway, there are 2 positive effects, of which 2 slightly positive, 7 unchanged, 8 negative and 3 moderate, while in option (RIAM-B) there are 5 positive, 5 small positive effects, 10 small negative effects and 3 moderate negative effects. It has had positive economic, social and cultural effects and has led to an increase in the satisfaction of the residents of the region and neighboring areas. The scoring of parameters in the RIAM method is more accurate due to its consideration of sustainability criteria, reversibility, and accumulability of impacts. This method enables a more realistic evaluation of development impacts, taking into account the biological value of this animal as an ecosystem regulator, which enhances the assessment.