Application of earthworm Eisenia fetida in waste management in municipal solid waste

Municipal solid waste (MSW) refers to household, commercial, and institutional waste that is managed by local governments, except industrial hazardous waste. MSW has drawbacks such as pollution, environmental degradation, insufficient disposal facilities, and recycling challenges. Earthworm Eisenia fetida improves waste management by converting organic waste into nutrient-rich biofertilizers, thereby encouraging environmentally friendly practices. This study introduces Eisenia fetida for vermicomposting in MSW management, transforming waste into safe products, evaluating chemical changes, and improving environmentally friendly practices. This study is significant in addressing global MSW pollution through Eisenia fetida vermicomposting, providing eco-friendly solutions and a powerful vermi wash for crop production. The results show shifts in Total Organic Carbon (11.61%), pH (12.88%), Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (12.40%), Total Phosphorus (36.63%), and Total Potassium (16.78%), demonstrating effective waste management and nutrient-rich bio-fertilizer production. This study provides insights into sustainable waste management practices that are consistent with environmental conservation and agricultural enhancement goals.