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<p>Tropical river basins are increasingly shaped by interacting biophysical and socio-institutional pressures, yet few assessments integrate ecological, molecular, and governance dimensions into a unified diagnostic framework. This study applies a Dynamic Socio-Ecological System (DySES) approach to evaluate multi-layer resilience in the Yom River Basin, Thailand. We combined environmental DNA (eDNA)–based eukaryotic assemblage diversity, fish Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), physicochemical gradients, land-use intensity, and community governance indicators across 42 longitudinal sites. Eukaryotic Shannon diversity showed strong sensitivity to dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and ammonia, providing an early-warning layer of eutrophication and habitat decline. Fish IBI revealed downstream biotic simplification associated with sedimentation, nutrient loading, and loss of riffle–run habitats. Governance strength—including community-managed sanctuaries, seasonal harvest rules, and monitoring—was positively associated with both eukaryotic assemblage stability and fish integrity, indicating that stewardship capacity acts as a regulating mechanism within the DySES. Canonical correspondence analysis identified hydrology–substrate heterogeneity and land-use–turbidity gradients as dominant filters structuring biological communities. The integrated DySES framework uncovered coherent spatial patterns linking ecological condition, molecular signals, and governance performance. These findings provide an operational pathway for basin-scale management that leverages multi-layer indicators to prioritize restoration, strengthen governance, and enhance freshwater sustainability in tropical socio-ecological systems.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p> <p>“Integrated Dynamic Socio-Ecological System (DySES) Framework for Assessing River Basin Health in the Yom River Basin, Thailand.” A conceptual diagram illustrating the DySES framework that combines eDNA-based eukaryotic assemblages diversity, fish Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), physicochemical water parameters, and community governance indicators to diagnose river health trajectories. The framework highlights three core innovations: (i) early-warning detection using eukaryotic microbial eDNA, (ii) multi-trophic ecological assessment via fish IBI, and (iii) governance-based SES indicators that collectively reveal longitudinal degradation patterns and management leverage points across the basin.</p>

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Integrating ecological, molecular, and governance indicators to assess dynamic socio-ecological resilience in the Yom River Basin, Thailand

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月16日

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  • Apinun Suvarnaraksha

摘要

Tropical river basins are increasingly shaped by interacting biophysical and socio-institutional pressures, yet few assessments integrate ecological, molecular, and governance dimensions into a unified diagnostic framework. This study applies a Dynamic Socio-Ecological System (DySES) approach to evaluate multi-layer resilience in the Yom River Basin, Thailand. We combined environmental DNA (eDNA)–based eukaryotic assemblage diversity, fish Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), physicochemical gradients, land-use intensity, and community governance indicators across 42 longitudinal sites. Eukaryotic Shannon diversity showed strong sensitivity to dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and ammonia, providing an early-warning layer of eutrophication and habitat decline. Fish IBI revealed downstream biotic simplification associated with sedimentation, nutrient loading, and loss of riffle–run habitats. Governance strength—including community-managed sanctuaries, seasonal harvest rules, and monitoring—was positively associated with both eukaryotic assemblage stability and fish integrity, indicating that stewardship capacity acts as a regulating mechanism within the DySES. Canonical correspondence analysis identified hydrology–substrate heterogeneity and land-use–turbidity gradients as dominant filters structuring biological communities. The integrated DySES framework uncovered coherent spatial patterns linking ecological condition, molecular signals, and governance performance. These findings provide an operational pathway for basin-scale management that leverages multi-layer indicators to prioritize restoration, strengthen governance, and enhance freshwater sustainability in tropical socio-ecological systems.

Graphical abstract

“Integrated Dynamic Socio-Ecological System (DySES) Framework for Assessing River Basin Health in the Yom River Basin, Thailand.” A conceptual diagram illustrating the DySES framework that combines eDNA-based eukaryotic assemblages diversity, fish Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI), physicochemical water parameters, and community governance indicators to diagnose river health trajectories. The framework highlights three core innovations: (i) early-warning detection using eukaryotic microbial eDNA, (ii) multi-trophic ecological assessment via fish IBI, and (iii) governance-based SES indicators that collectively reveal longitudinal degradation patterns and management leverage points across the basin.