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<p>Livestock farming is a significant source of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As a major livestock province in China, Henan’s low-carbon livestock development plays an important role in achieving the national “dual carbon” goals. This study quantified GHG emissions from the livestock farming sector across 18 prefecture-level cities in Henan Province during 2000–2022 using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Global and local Moran’s I were employed to examine spatial autocorrelation and identify significant clusters and spatial outliers. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of driving factors was further analyzed using a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model. The results indicated that (1) total emissions declined from 4414.18 × 10<sup>4</sup> t carbon dioxide equivalent (CO<sub>2</sub>-eq) in 2000 to 3724.12 × 10<sup>4</sup> t CO<sub>2</sub>-eq in 2022, with livestock enteric fermentation (<i>E</i><sub>EF</sub>), manure management (<i>E</i><sub>MM</sub>), and feed crop cultivation (<i>E</i><sub>FC</sub>) as the primary emission sources; (2) emissions exhibited significant positive spatial autocorrelation, forming a persistent south-north gradient pattern, with high-emission clusters concentrated in Southern Henan; (3) the GTWR results indicate that livestock farming industrial structure had a significant positive effect on emissions, whereas livestock labor mobility rate, economic development level, and urbanization process generally exerted inhibitory effects, with evident spatial heterogeneity in coefficient magnitudes. These findings suggest that differentiated livestock development strategies tailored to regional characteristics and driving mechanisms may help promote low-carbon transformation and enhance coordinated regional mitigation efforts.</p>

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Spatiotemporal characteristics and driving factors of greenhouse gas emissions from livestock farming: a case study of Henan Province, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月10日

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  • Bingbing Yan,
  • Mengshuo Liu,
  • Yanpeng Wang,
  • Ying Zhao,
  • Xiaoli Ma,
  • Li Wang

摘要

Livestock farming is a significant source of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As a major livestock province in China, Henan’s low-carbon livestock development plays an important role in achieving the national “dual carbon” goals. This study quantified GHG emissions from the livestock farming sector across 18 prefecture-level cities in Henan Province during 2000–2022 using a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach. Global and local Moran’s I were employed to examine spatial autocorrelation and identify significant clusters and spatial outliers. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of driving factors was further analyzed using a geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) model. The results indicated that (1) total emissions declined from 4414.18 × 104 t carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) in 2000 to 3724.12 × 104 t CO2-eq in 2022, with livestock enteric fermentation (EEF), manure management (EMM), and feed crop cultivation (EFC) as the primary emission sources; (2) emissions exhibited significant positive spatial autocorrelation, forming a persistent south-north gradient pattern, with high-emission clusters concentrated in Southern Henan; (3) the GTWR results indicate that livestock farming industrial structure had a significant positive effect on emissions, whereas livestock labor mobility rate, economic development level, and urbanization process generally exerted inhibitory effects, with evident spatial heterogeneity in coefficient magnitudes. These findings suggest that differentiated livestock development strategies tailored to regional characteristics and driving mechanisms may help promote low-carbon transformation and enhance coordinated regional mitigation efforts.