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<p>The Gansu-Qinghai contiguous region of the upper Yellow River occupies a strategic position in China’s ecological security framework. However, comprehensive long-term assessment of ecological quality changes and their mechanisms in this ecologically fragile zone remains limited. Systematically evaluating ecological quality dynamics is necessary for supporting high-quality development strategies in the Yellow River Basin. This study utilizes MODIS series remote sensing imagery from 2000 to 2022, accessed through the Google Earth Engine platform. The Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) was constructed via principal component analysis (PCA). Theil-Sen median trend analysis, Mann-Kendall tests, and coefficient of variation methods were applied to examine spatiotemporal patterns and stability. Pearson correlation analysis and random forest modeling were employed to quantify the contributions of ten driving factors. Results indicate that the ecological quality of the study area showed an overall improving trend with local fluctuations from 2000 to 2022. Spatially, it exhibited a west-high and east-low pattern, with “good” and “excellent” areas continuously expanding. About 43% of the region experienced ecological improvement, 20% showed degradation, and over 86% remained highly stable. Vegetation greenness was the dominant positive driver, while land surface temperature and dryness index had significant negative impacts. Precipitation and humidity displayed threshold responses, and socioeconomic factors such as GDP and population density mainly influenced local ecology through land-use intensity. Overall, ecological quality was jointly regulated by vegetation dynamics, hydrothermal conditions, and human activities. This study establishes baseline data for systematic ecological monitoring in high-altitude ecologically sensitive regions. The findings demonstrate that targeted ecological restoration projects have achieved measurable effectiveness, while emphasizing the necessity of integrating climate change considerations into future conservation management strategies for the upper Yellow River.</p>

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Ecological environment quality trends and influencing factors in the Gansu-Qinghai contiguous region of the Upper Yellow River

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Huali Tong,
  • Yijing Li,
  • Pingju Zou,
  • Guofeng Zhu

摘要

The Gansu-Qinghai contiguous region of the upper Yellow River occupies a strategic position in China’s ecological security framework. However, comprehensive long-term assessment of ecological quality changes and their mechanisms in this ecologically fragile zone remains limited. Systematically evaluating ecological quality dynamics is necessary for supporting high-quality development strategies in the Yellow River Basin. This study utilizes MODIS series remote sensing imagery from 2000 to 2022, accessed through the Google Earth Engine platform. The Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) was constructed via principal component analysis (PCA). Theil-Sen median trend analysis, Mann-Kendall tests, and coefficient of variation methods were applied to examine spatiotemporal patterns and stability. Pearson correlation analysis and random forest modeling were employed to quantify the contributions of ten driving factors. Results indicate that the ecological quality of the study area showed an overall improving trend with local fluctuations from 2000 to 2022. Spatially, it exhibited a west-high and east-low pattern, with “good” and “excellent” areas continuously expanding. About 43% of the region experienced ecological improvement, 20% showed degradation, and over 86% remained highly stable. Vegetation greenness was the dominant positive driver, while land surface temperature and dryness index had significant negative impacts. Precipitation and humidity displayed threshold responses, and socioeconomic factors such as GDP and population density mainly influenced local ecology through land-use intensity. Overall, ecological quality was jointly regulated by vegetation dynamics, hydrothermal conditions, and human activities. This study establishes baseline data for systematic ecological monitoring in high-altitude ecologically sensitive regions. The findings demonstrate that targeted ecological restoration projects have achieved measurable effectiveness, while emphasizing the necessity of integrating climate change considerations into future conservation management strategies for the upper Yellow River.