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<p>Rapid urbanization has intensified waste management challenges in the fragile Eastern Himalayan region, especially in the rapidly urbanizing state of Sikkim. To assess landfill impacts on soil health, we analyzed physicochemical and microbial characteristics of soils from the Martam landfill, Sikkim, against a control, for comparative analysis. Landfill soils showed neutral–alkaline pH (7.38–8.02), elevated moisture, phosphorus, and potassium, but depleted organic carbon and nitrogen, indicating nutrient imbalance and soil’s organic component loss. Microbial profiling revealed 40 isolates, dominated by <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. bacteria with known plastic-degrading potential alongside halophilic <i>Salinicoccus roseus</i>, indicative of chemical stress from leachates. These findings demonstrate that landfill accumulation alters soil ecology but also harbours microbial candidates for biodegradation. Understanding these parameters is essential for developing sustainable waste management and soil remediation strategies. For land-scarce regions like Sikkim, reducing landfill reliance through integrated waste management and sustainable treatment technologies is critical for ecological resilience.</p>

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Bacteriological and physicochemical quality assessment of municipal solid waste landfill in the fragile ecosystem of Eastern Himalayan region: a study from Martam, East Sikkim

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • Priyanka Chettri,
  • Dechen Chomu Tsering,
  • Sudarsan Tamang

摘要

Rapid urbanization has intensified waste management challenges in the fragile Eastern Himalayan region, especially in the rapidly urbanizing state of Sikkim. To assess landfill impacts on soil health, we analyzed physicochemical and microbial characteristics of soils from the Martam landfill, Sikkim, against a control, for comparative analysis. Landfill soils showed neutral–alkaline pH (7.38–8.02), elevated moisture, phosphorus, and potassium, but depleted organic carbon and nitrogen, indicating nutrient imbalance and soil’s organic component loss. Microbial profiling revealed 40 isolates, dominated by Bacillus and Pseudomonas spp. bacteria with known plastic-degrading potential alongside halophilic Salinicoccus roseus, indicative of chemical stress from leachates. These findings demonstrate that landfill accumulation alters soil ecology but also harbours microbial candidates for biodegradation. Understanding these parameters is essential for developing sustainable waste management and soil remediation strategies. For land-scarce regions like Sikkim, reducing landfill reliance through integrated waste management and sustainable treatment technologies is critical for ecological resilience.