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<p>This study investigated the concentrations of six heavy metals—manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb)—in poultry eggs consumed in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and evaluated the associated human health risks. A total of 84 eggs were collected from seven major city markets, with the white and yolk portions analysed separately using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that Fe was the most abundant metal in both egg white (mean: 9.34&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>) and yolk (mean: 69.95&#xa0;mg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>), followed by Zn, Ni, Cu, Mn, and Pb. Concentrations of Ni and Pb in both egg portions exceeded maximum permissible limits in several samples. Although all target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values were below the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) safety thresholds, indicating minimal non-carcinogenic risk, the cancer risk (CR) values for Ni exceeded the acceptable benchmark (1 × 10⁻<sup>4</sup>) for both children and adults, suggesting potential long-term health hazards. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed two dominant sources of contamination: (i) feed-derived (Fe, Zn) and (ii) anthropogenic activities (Ni, Pb) likely related to industrial emissions, electroplating, and smelting. These findings underscore the need for stringent monitoring, effective regulatory enforcement, and targeted interventions to reduce heavy metal contamination in the poultry supply chain.</p>

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Assessment of health risks linked to consumption of poultry chicken eggs in Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月7日

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  • Md. Abu Fahad,
  • Mohammad Sakhawat Hossain,
  • Md. Rayhan Ferdous Saikot,
  • Abdullah Al Zahid,
  • Md. Mizanur Rahman,
  • Mohammad Enayet Hossain

摘要

This study investigated the concentrations of six heavy metals—manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb)—in poultry eggs consumed in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and evaluated the associated human health risks. A total of 84 eggs were collected from seven major city markets, with the white and yolk portions analysed separately using atomic absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that Fe was the most abundant metal in both egg white (mean: 9.34 mg kg−1) and yolk (mean: 69.95 mg kg−1), followed by Zn, Ni, Cu, Mn, and Pb. Concentrations of Ni and Pb in both egg portions exceeded maximum permissible limits in several samples. Although all target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) values were below the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) safety thresholds, indicating minimal non-carcinogenic risk, the cancer risk (CR) values for Ni exceeded the acceptable benchmark (1 × 10⁻4) for both children and adults, suggesting potential long-term health hazards. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed two dominant sources of contamination: (i) feed-derived (Fe, Zn) and (ii) anthropogenic activities (Ni, Pb) likely related to industrial emissions, electroplating, and smelting. These findings underscore the need for stringent monitoring, effective regulatory enforcement, and targeted interventions to reduce heavy metal contamination in the poultry supply chain.