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<p>Global climate change presents numerous changes to terrestrial ecosystems, including warming, species extinction, habitat shrinkage and shift, invasion of weed species, and biodiversity loss. Mountain regions such as the Himalayas are witnessing species alterations and habitat shifts. Invasive species, such as <i>Lantana camara</i>, are among the species most affected by climate change-induced warming. Multiple studies focused on the negative impact of this weed, its physiology, medicinal properties, and growth in the tropics under climate change. A gap remained in understanding how this weed interacts and grows in different ecosystems across the altitudinal gradient of mountainous landscapes under climate change. The Central Himalayas provide a platform for studying climate-induced altitudinal habitat change, with a decadal rate of warming ranging from 0.3 to 0.9&#xa0;°C and high variations in elevation (213 to 7500&#xa0;m). The distribution of <i>Lantana camara</i> in 2000, 2024, and 2050 has been estimated in response to changing climatic setups using a random forest algorithm. Findings revealed a strong correlation between habitat shifts of <i>Lantana camara</i> and changes in thermal zones, resulting in a 173% expansion of its habitat between 2000 and 2050. <i>Lantana camara</i> is climbing to middle altitudes from the lowlands, invading present-day temperate ecosystems. Without immediate intervention, it can disrupt the availability of medicinal herbs and species composition in middle and high altitudes. Thus, management of this weed using a combination of manual, mechanical, chemical, and biological methods needs to be implemented.</p>

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Spatiotemporal pattern and climate change impact on current and future invasion of Lantana camara in the Central Himalayas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Surajit Banerjee,
  • Vishwambhar Prasad Sati

摘要

Global climate change presents numerous changes to terrestrial ecosystems, including warming, species extinction, habitat shrinkage and shift, invasion of weed species, and biodiversity loss. Mountain regions such as the Himalayas are witnessing species alterations and habitat shifts. Invasive species, such as Lantana camara, are among the species most affected by climate change-induced warming. Multiple studies focused on the negative impact of this weed, its physiology, medicinal properties, and growth in the tropics under climate change. A gap remained in understanding how this weed interacts and grows in different ecosystems across the altitudinal gradient of mountainous landscapes under climate change. The Central Himalayas provide a platform for studying climate-induced altitudinal habitat change, with a decadal rate of warming ranging from 0.3 to 0.9 °C and high variations in elevation (213 to 7500 m). The distribution of Lantana camara in 2000, 2024, and 2050 has been estimated in response to changing climatic setups using a random forest algorithm. Findings revealed a strong correlation between habitat shifts of Lantana camara and changes in thermal zones, resulting in a 173% expansion of its habitat between 2000 and 2050. Lantana camara is climbing to middle altitudes from the lowlands, invading present-day temperate ecosystems. Without immediate intervention, it can disrupt the availability of medicinal herbs and species composition in middle and high altitudes. Thus, management of this weed using a combination of manual, mechanical, chemical, and biological methods needs to be implemented.