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<p>Constructed wetlands (CWs) operate based on natural processes to remove pollutants. Despite public health risks, the discharge of untreated septic sludge into environmental media continues in many developing countries. This study evaluates the quality of effluents from CWs fed with screened substrate during the rainy and dry seasons. It employed an analytical design on purposively selected CWs. The CWs had, in sequence, coarse (8-16&#xa0;mm) and fine (4-8&#xa0;mm) granite, coarse (2-4&#xa0;mm) and fine (0.15-2&#xa0;mm) sand. The experimental CWs included <i>Acroceras zizanioides dandy,</i> while the control was unplanted. The flow rate through the subsurface filter was 0.01 m<sup>3</sup>/hour, operated twice weekly, with a hydraulic loading rate of 2-20&#xa0;cm/day. Samples were collected and analysed using standard methods for pathogen reduction, suspended solids(SS), nitrate(NO<sub>3</sub>), phosphate(PO<sub>4</sub>), biochemical oxygen demand(BOD<sub>5</sub>), lead(Pb), and zinc(Zn). Results were presented using descriptive and t-test statistics (P &lt; 0.05), and mean residual concentrations were compared to national discharge guidelines. In planted CWs, phosphate (5.7 ± 0.7&#xa0;mg/L), BOD<sub>5</sub> (53.1 ± 14.2&#xa0;mg/L), and zinc(1.2 ± 0.4&#xa0;mg/L) exceeded regulatory thresholds, while SS(27.9 ± 6.2&#xa0;mg/L), nitrate (5.4 ± 0.8&#xa0;mg/L), and lead(0.0 ± 0.0&#xa0;mg/L) were permissible and significantly reduced. The coliforms log-reduction value was 0.79. The experimental CWs showed promise but should be arranged in series to enhance effluent quality to meet national regulatory standards before environmental discharge.</p>

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The application of acroceras zizanioides dandy in constructed wetlands for the bioremediation of pollutants from faecal sludge effluents in Osun state, Southwest Nigeria

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月1日

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  • Olufemi O. Aluko,
  • Elizabeth O. Oloruntoba,
  • Godson R. E. E. Ana,
  • Olusegun T. Afolabi

摘要

Constructed wetlands (CWs) operate based on natural processes to remove pollutants. Despite public health risks, the discharge of untreated septic sludge into environmental media continues in many developing countries. This study evaluates the quality of effluents from CWs fed with screened substrate during the rainy and dry seasons. It employed an analytical design on purposively selected CWs. The CWs had, in sequence, coarse (8-16 mm) and fine (4-8 mm) granite, coarse (2-4 mm) and fine (0.15-2 mm) sand. The experimental CWs included Acroceras zizanioides dandy, while the control was unplanted. The flow rate through the subsurface filter was 0.01 m3/hour, operated twice weekly, with a hydraulic loading rate of 2-20 cm/day. Samples were collected and analysed using standard methods for pathogen reduction, suspended solids(SS), nitrate(NO3), phosphate(PO4), biochemical oxygen demand(BOD5), lead(Pb), and zinc(Zn). Results were presented using descriptive and t-test statistics (P < 0.05), and mean residual concentrations were compared to national discharge guidelines. In planted CWs, phosphate (5.7 ± 0.7 mg/L), BOD5 (53.1 ± 14.2 mg/L), and zinc(1.2 ± 0.4 mg/L) exceeded regulatory thresholds, while SS(27.9 ± 6.2 mg/L), nitrate (5.4 ± 0.8 mg/L), and lead(0.0 ± 0.0 mg/L) were permissible and significantly reduced. The coliforms log-reduction value was 0.79. The experimental CWs showed promise but should be arranged in series to enhance effluent quality to meet national regulatory standards before environmental discharge.