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<p>This pioneering study evaluates the prevalence of aeroallergens reactivity among atopic populations living in the Vaal Triangle Airshed Priority Area (VTAPA), South Africa. A total of 138 volunteers (51 males and 87 females), of African, colored, white, and Asian ethnicity, and with a mean (range) age of 22 (18–56) years were participating in the study. The study was conducted on the North-West University (NWU) campus in Vanderbijlpark/VTAPA. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire was utilized for pre-screening to identify individuals with probable allergic dispositions. Subsequently, skin prick testing was conducted using commercial aeroallergen extracts for all confirmed participants with allergy symptoms. One hundred six participants were clinically diagnosed with pollen and fungal spore allergies. The highest allergy prevalence was attributed to <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> ((L.) Pers) (Bermuda grass) (41.5%), followed by <i>Lolium perenne</i> (L.) (ryegrass), grass mix, and <i>Zea mays</i> (L.) (maize) (31.1%), respectively. Moreover, among the tree allergens, <i>Olea</i> (L.) (olive tree) was the most prevalent allergen (20; 18.8%), followed by <i>Platanus</i> (L.) (plane tree) (18; 16.9%). Among the weeds, 16 (15.1%) participants were allergic to the weed mix (<i>Artemisia</i> (<i>L.</i>) (wormwood), <i>Chenopodium</i> (Link) (goosefoot), <i>Salsola</i> (L.) (saltwort), <i>Plantago</i> (L.) (plantain), and 11 (10.3%) to <i>Ambrosia</i> (L.) (ragweed)). Regarding the fungal spores, <i>Alternaria</i> (Fr.) (9; 8.5%) followed by <i>Cladosporium</i> (Link) (5; 4.7%) had the highest skin sensitivity. In this pilot study, our findings provide insights into the prevalence of allergic responses in the study population—underlining the strong impact of allergens of exotic plants—and contribute to the existing aerobiological data in South Africa.</p>

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Prevalence of aeroallergen sensitization in a polluted and industrialized area: a pilot study in South Africa’s Vaal Triangle

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月13日

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  • Dorra Gharbi,
  • Frank Harald Neumann,
  • Jurgens Staats,
  • Marinda McDonald,
  • Jo-hanné Linde,
  • Tshiamo Mmatladi,
  • Keneilwe Podile,
  • Stuart Piketh,
  • Roelof Burger,
  • Rebecca M. Garland,
  • Petra Bester,
  • Pedro Humberto Lebre,
  • Cristian Ricci

摘要

This pioneering study evaluates the prevalence of aeroallergens reactivity among atopic populations living in the Vaal Triangle Airshed Priority Area (VTAPA), South Africa. A total of 138 volunteers (51 males and 87 females), of African, colored, white, and Asian ethnicity, and with a mean (range) age of 22 (18–56) years were participating in the study. The study was conducted on the North-West University (NWU) campus in Vanderbijlpark/VTAPA. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire was utilized for pre-screening to identify individuals with probable allergic dispositions. Subsequently, skin prick testing was conducted using commercial aeroallergen extracts for all confirmed participants with allergy symptoms. One hundred six participants were clinically diagnosed with pollen and fungal spore allergies. The highest allergy prevalence was attributed to Cynodon dactylon ((L.) Pers) (Bermuda grass) (41.5%), followed by Lolium perenne (L.) (ryegrass), grass mix, and Zea mays (L.) (maize) (31.1%), respectively. Moreover, among the tree allergens, Olea (L.) (olive tree) was the most prevalent allergen (20; 18.8%), followed by Platanus (L.) (plane tree) (18; 16.9%). Among the weeds, 16 (15.1%) participants were allergic to the weed mix (Artemisia (L.) (wormwood), Chenopodium (Link) (goosefoot), Salsola (L.) (saltwort), Plantago (L.) (plantain), and 11 (10.3%) to Ambrosia (L.) (ragweed)). Regarding the fungal spores, Alternaria (Fr.) (9; 8.5%) followed by Cladosporium (Link) (5; 4.7%) had the highest skin sensitivity. In this pilot study, our findings provide insights into the prevalence of allergic responses in the study population—underlining the strong impact of allergens of exotic plants—and contribute to the existing aerobiological data in South Africa.