Assessment of the impact of smoke from thermal destruction of materials of different origins on soil health

The results of the study of the influence of smoke from the thermal destruction of materials of vegetable and synthetic origin on the enzymatic activity of ordinary chernozem are presented. The decrease of activity of investigated indicators (catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, invertase) from thermal destruction of pine sawdust, straw, coniferous and leaf fall, peat, and materials based on polystyrene, rubber, and polyvinyl chloride was revealed. A significant decrease in the activity of soil enzymes after exposure to gaseous products of combustion during 15–60 min of soil fumigation was found. Oxidoreductases turned out to be the most sensitive to smoke. Smoke from peat burning has minimal inhibitory effect, activity of catalase after 30 min of fumigation decreased only by 15%, and peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase — by 8 and 12%. While the activity of the same enzymes when exposed to smoke from thermal degradation of rubber-based materials decreased by 16–42%, and polyvinyl chloride — by 29–73%, to a lesser extent from polystyrene (decrease by 7–29%). All obtained data on changes in the enzymatic activity of soils are reliable with the level of statistical significance p < 0.05.