Assessment of the accumulation level and ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments of Bong Mieu River, Quang Nam Province, Vietnam
摘要
This study assessed the accumulation levels and ecological risks associated with seven heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu, Cr, Zn) in the surface sediments of the Bong Mieu River in Quang Nam Province, Vietnam. The sampling encompassed 10 locations (S1–S10), considering areas both impacted and less impacted by gold mining activities. The findings revealed elevated levels of heavy metal pollution and associated ecological risks attributable to gold mining. Heavy metal content varied within specific ranges: As (70.6–341.2 mg/kg), Pb (216.3–504.1 mg/kg), Hg (0.138–0.252 mg/kg), Cd (0.91–1.51mg/kg), Cu (18.3–45.5 mg/kg), Cr (10.5–19.1 mg/kg), and Zn (49.3–84.1 mg/kg). Among these elements, Hg, Cu, Cr, Zn, and Cd adhered to the acceptable limits of VNTR 43:2017/MONRE (VNTR 43:2017/MONRE: National Technical Regulation/Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam). However, As and Pb content at all locations exceeded these limits significantly, with As being 4.1–20 times higher and Pb 2.3–5.5 times higher. The pollution of Pb and As was attributed to waste discharge from gold mining activities, which carry substantial amounts of these metals in various forms. The Igeo indicated heavy pollution of As and Pb in the sediments. Ecological risk factors were ranked as follows: