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<p>Sorghum is a vital global crop severely threatened by leaf spot diseases. In this study, the pathogenic fungus strain GL-1, associated with sorghum leaf spot, was identified as <i>Epicoccum sorghinum</i> based on morphological characteristics, molecular analysis (rDNA-ITS sequencing), and fulfillment of Koch's postulates. Screening of fungicides identified fludioxonil as the most potent single agent, with an EC₅₀ of 0.34 mg L⁻<sup>1</sup>. Evaluation using Horsfall's method and Wadley's formula revealed that a prochloraz and fludioxonil combination (mass ratio 1.46:1) exhibited significant synergism, with a synergistic coefficient of 2.92. In subsequent bioassays, this optimal combination significantly outperformed either fungicide applied alone, achieving an inhibition rate of 86.67% on detached leaves and a control efficacy of 71.77% in pot experiments. The study revealed that synergistic fungicide combinations destroy pathogen cell membrane integrity, thereby increasing extracellular electrical conductivity and altering antioxidant enzyme activities. Meanwhile, the contents of soluble proteins and reducing sugars in mycelia treated with synergistic combinations were significantly lower than those treated with single fungicides. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical strategy for diagnosing and controlling sorghum leaf spot caused by <i>E. sorghinum</i>.</p>

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Identification of Epicoccum sorghinum and screening of synergistic fungicide combinations against sorghum leaf spot

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Zhuangzhuang Li,
  • Haiming Duan,
  • Shengyu Yang,
  • Jieqin Li,
  • Xingyu Liu,
  • Cheng Zhou,
  • Haibing Yu

摘要

Sorghum is a vital global crop severely threatened by leaf spot diseases. In this study, the pathogenic fungus strain GL-1, associated with sorghum leaf spot, was identified as Epicoccum sorghinum based on morphological characteristics, molecular analysis (rDNA-ITS sequencing), and fulfillment of Koch's postulates. Screening of fungicides identified fludioxonil as the most potent single agent, with an EC₅₀ of 0.34 mg L⁻1. Evaluation using Horsfall's method and Wadley's formula revealed that a prochloraz and fludioxonil combination (mass ratio 1.46:1) exhibited significant synergism, with a synergistic coefficient of 2.92. In subsequent bioassays, this optimal combination significantly outperformed either fungicide applied alone, achieving an inhibition rate of 86.67% on detached leaves and a control efficacy of 71.77% in pot experiments. The study revealed that synergistic fungicide combinations destroy pathogen cell membrane integrity, thereby increasing extracellular electrical conductivity and altering antioxidant enzyme activities. Meanwhile, the contents of soluble proteins and reducing sugars in mycelia treated with synergistic combinations were significantly lower than those treated with single fungicides. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical strategy for diagnosing and controlling sorghum leaf spot caused by E. sorghinum.