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<p>Olive anthracnose, caused by <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp., remains one of the most destructive diseases affecting olive cultivation, with severe consequences for global olive production. Cultivar susceptibility is influenced by fruit maturation stage and modulated by environmental conditions; however the defense mechanisms underlying these interactions are still poorly understood. To investigate these relationships, experiments were conducted over two consecutive years using four olive cultivars (Arbequina, Picual, Frantoio, and Manzanilla de Sevilla). The <i>in vitro</i> susceptibility of fruits to <i>C. acutatum</i> infection was assessed at green and ripe stages, together with the potential role of defense mechanisms related to cuticle thickness, total phenolic content, and mineral composition. Clear differences in susceptibility were observed among the cultivars. At the green stage, Frantoio consistently exhibited the lowest susceptibility, Manzanilla de Sevilla and Arbequina were the most susceptible, and Picual showed intermediate susceptibility. Fruit maturation led to increased disease severity in all cultivars, although Frantoio was the only one to maintain relatively high resistance. Cuticle thickness contributed to resistance modulation, with thinner cuticles associated with higher susceptibility. Total phenolic content was not associated with the differences in susceptibility observed among cultivars. Mineral nutrition was influenced by climatic variability, with reductions in calcium and phosphorus levels associated with increased susceptibility, whereas excess nitrogen appeared to exacerbate the disease severity in Manzanilla de Sevilla. These findings indicate that resistance to olive anthracnose is multifactorial, resulting from the interaction of structural, biochemical, and nutritional traits with environmental factors.</p>

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Influence of fruit cuticle thickness, phenolic and mineral content on Colletotrichum acutatum susceptibility in four olive cultivars

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Eva J. R. Antunes,
  • Vilson L. Reveilleau Júnior,
  • Facundo Ibáñez,
  • Gabriela Speroni,
  • Flavio Gilberto Herter,
  • Paulo Mello-Farias,
  • Paula Conde-Innamorato

摘要

Olive anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., remains one of the most destructive diseases affecting olive cultivation, with severe consequences for global olive production. Cultivar susceptibility is influenced by fruit maturation stage and modulated by environmental conditions; however the defense mechanisms underlying these interactions are still poorly understood. To investigate these relationships, experiments were conducted over two consecutive years using four olive cultivars (Arbequina, Picual, Frantoio, and Manzanilla de Sevilla). The in vitro susceptibility of fruits to C. acutatum infection was assessed at green and ripe stages, together with the potential role of defense mechanisms related to cuticle thickness, total phenolic content, and mineral composition. Clear differences in susceptibility were observed among the cultivars. At the green stage, Frantoio consistently exhibited the lowest susceptibility, Manzanilla de Sevilla and Arbequina were the most susceptible, and Picual showed intermediate susceptibility. Fruit maturation led to increased disease severity in all cultivars, although Frantoio was the only one to maintain relatively high resistance. Cuticle thickness contributed to resistance modulation, with thinner cuticles associated with higher susceptibility. Total phenolic content was not associated with the differences in susceptibility observed among cultivars. Mineral nutrition was influenced by climatic variability, with reductions in calcium and phosphorus levels associated with increased susceptibility, whereas excess nitrogen appeared to exacerbate the disease severity in Manzanilla de Sevilla. These findings indicate that resistance to olive anthracnose is multifactorial, resulting from the interaction of structural, biochemical, and nutritional traits with environmental factors.